卫生研究

目的 对电商平台采购的11种原榨果汁中多酚和多元素进行含量测定，掌握其含量特征及进行营养评价。方法 使用pH示差法、Folin-Ciocalteu试剂比色法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、直接测汞法分别测得果汁中的总花色苷、总多酚和16种多元素的含量，用营养素密度(nutrient density, ND)和营养质量指数(index of nutrient quality, INQ)进行营养分析。结果 果汁中总花色苷含量为未检出～1664 mg/L,蓝靛果汁含量最高；总多酚含量为281～2948 mg/L,刺梨汁含量最高。常量元素以钾含量最高(288～1996 mg/L),微量元素以锰含量最高(0.2～17.7 mg/L)。果汁中总花色苷的ND为0～332.8%,钾、钙、钠、镁、铁、锌、铜和硒的ND偏低，均小于10%,锰、铬、钼的ND较高，分别为0.4%～39.3%、0.7%～35.3%和0～13.2%。果汁中总花色苷的INQ范围是0～167.63,除沙棘汁和刺梨汁外，其他品种果汁中总花色苷的INQ均大于1。果汁中钾、铁的INQ均小于6,钙和锌的INQ小于2,镁和铜的INQ均小于4,钠的INQ小于3,锰、铬和钼的INQ更高，分别是0.21～24.00、0.27～15.76和0～7.18。硒的INQ全部小于1。结论 原榨果汁(除沙棘汁、刺梨汁和加拿大蔓越莓汁外)可作为花色苷良好的来源。蓝莓汁、中国黑龙江蔓越莓汁、德国黑莓汁、红树莓汁、黑果枸杞汁、中国辽宁野樱莓汁和沙棘汁还可以为人体补充锰、铬和钼。但它们的钾、钠、钙、镁、铁、锌、铜和硒不能满足人体的需求。

OBJECTIVE To determine the polyphenols and multi-elements in the 11 not from concentrated fruit juices on the market, understand their content characteristics and evaluate their nutrient value.METHODS The contents of total anthocyanins, total polyphenols and 16 multi-elements in fruit juice were determined by pH differential method, colorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and direct mercury analysis. The polyphenols and multi-elements in the fruit juices were analyzed by nutrient density(ND) and index of nutrient quality(INQ).RESULTS The total anthocyanins content in fruit juice was none detected-1664 mg/L, with the highest content in blue honeysuckle juice. The total polyphenols content in fruit juice was 281-2948 mg/L, with the highest content in chestnut rose juice. Potassium had the highest content of macroelements in fruit juice, ranging from 288 to 1996 mg/L and manganese had the highest content of trace elements, ranging from 0.2 to 17.7 mg/L. The ND of potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and selenium were relatively low, each of them less than 10%. The ND of manganese, chromium, and molybdenum are relatively high, ranging from 0.4% to 39.3%, 0.7% to 35.3% and 0% to 13.2%, respectively. The INQ of total anthocyanins in fruit juice ranged from 0 to 167.63. The INQ of total anthocyanins in fruit juice was greater than 1 except sea buckthorn juice and chestnut rose juice. The INQ of potassium and iron in fruit juices were less than 6, calcium and zinc were less than 2, magnesium and copper were less than 4, and sodium was less than 3. The INQ of manganese, chromium, and molybdenum were higher than that of other multi-elements, ranging from 0.21 to 24.00, 0.27 to 15.76 and 0 to 7.18, respectively. The INQ of selenium in all fruit juice was less than 1.CONCLUSION The not from concentrated fruit juices(excluding sea buckthorn juice, chestnut rose juice and cranberry juice(Canada)) are good source of anthocyanins. Blueberry juice, Heilongjiang cranberry juice(China), blackberry juice(Germany), red raspberry juice, black wolfberry juice, Liaoning chokeberry juice(China), and sea buckthorn juice are supplements rich in manganese, chromium, and molybdenum for human body. However, their potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, and selenium cannot satisfy the demand of human body.