卫生研究

目的 分析新疆成年人体质指数(body mass index, BMI)变化趋势，为超重肥胖防控提供基础数据。方法 利用1982—2015年5次中国居民营养调查/监测中新疆成年人9295人的年龄、性别以及身高体重数据，描述新疆成年居民BMI的分布情况，进一步采用偏度均值变异系数法拟合不同年间BMI的分布曲线及第5、50和95百分位数曲线，分析新疆成年人BMI变化趋势。结果 新疆成年男性和女性的BMI呈增加的趋势，平均BMI分别从1982年的22.1和22.2 kg/m²增加至2015年的25.2和25.3 kg/m²;不同年代的BMI增长存在差异，80年代至2000年BMI的变化幅度较大，2010年以后逐渐放缓；不同性别间比较发现，男性BMI上升多见于壮年和中年人群，BMI峰值出现在45岁左右，而女性多见于中年，峰值出现在55岁左右。结论 1982—2015年新疆成年男性和女性的BMI随时间上升。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the changing trend of body mass index(BMI) among adults in Xinjiang so as to provide basic data for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity.METHODS Using data on age, gender, height, and weight of 9295 adult residents in Xinjiang from the five National Nutrition Surveys/Monitoring of Chinese Residents conducted from 1982 to 2015, this study describes the BMI distribution among adult residents in Xinjiang. Furthermore, the LMS method(L for skewness, M for mean, S for coefficient of variation) is adopted to fit the BMI distribution curves and the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile curves across different years, so as to analyze the changing trends of BMI in adults in Xinjiang.RESULTS The BMI of adult males and females in Xinjiang showed an increasing trend, with the average BMI increasing from 22.1 and 22.2 kg/m² in 1982 to 25.2 and 25.3 kg/m² in 2015, respectively. The BMI growth varied across different decades, with a relatively large change from the 1980s to 2000, and a gradual slowdown after 2010. Comparisons between genders revealed that the rise in male BMI was more evident in young and middle-aged populations, with the BMI peak appearing around 45 years old, while in females, it was more common in middle age, with the peak at around 55 years old.CONCLUSION The BMI of adult males and females in Xinjiang has increased over time.