卫生研究

目的探讨有留守经历大学生的生活事件与抑郁的关系。方法于2015年5—7月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法从承德(冀北)、保定(冀中)、秦皇岛(冀东)、邯郸(冀南)各选取1所全国统招普通本科高校,共抽取682名农村生源的大学生作为研究对象,采用青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、流调中心用抑郁量表(CESD)进行调查。依据儿童期有无留守经历分为留守组和非留守组,其中留守组137人,男生51人,女生86人;非留守组545人,男生210人,女生335人。结果河北高校农村有留守经历大学生较常发生的生活事件为学习压力(8.69±4.53)、人际关系(7.17±4.58)及健康适应(4.53±2.77),且在受惩罚因子(t=2.158,P=0.032)和其他因子(t=3.020,P=0.003)上与非留守组大学生比较,差异具有统计学意义。有留守经历大学生的抑郁水平为(36.92±8.96)高于非留守经历大学生(33.71±8.16),差异有统计学意义(t=3.297,P<0.01)。相关分析表明:有留守经历大学生在生活事件量表中的人际关系因子、学习压力因子、受惩罚因子、丧失因子、健康适应因子、其他因子与抑郁呈显著正相关(r值依次为0.446、0.466、0.371、0.246、0.427和0.378,P<0.01)。回归分析表明,有留守经历大学生在生活事件量表中学习压力因子(标准化β=0.329)和健康适应因子(标准化β=0.240)对抑郁有显著的预测作用,其联合解释变异量为0.242。结论有留守经历大学生较非留守经历的大学生更容易感受到负性生活事件;生活事件对抑郁情绪的产生有影响。

Objective To explore the status of life events and its relationship with depression of college students from rural areas with left-behind experience,so as to provide evidence for psychological intervention. Methods In 2015 May-July,a total of 682 rural undergraduate in four regular colleges( all of them are unified national admission universities) recruited from four cities in Hebei Province. Chengde City,Baoding City,Qinhuangdao City,and Handan City are in the north,middle,east and south of Hebei Province,respectively. Each city was selected one regular college. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select 682 participants,who are evaluated by questionnaires( Center for Epidimiologic Studies Depression Scale,Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Check List). According to the presence of left-behind experience in childhood,they can be divided into two groups,students with left-behind experience and students with no leftbehind experience. The group which has 137 students with left-behind experience includes51 boys and 86 girls. The group which has 545 students with no left-behind experience includes 210 boys and 335 girls. Results For the college students with left-behind experience,the common life events were studying pressure,interpersonal relationship and health adaptation. Those college students with left-behind experience had significant difference from those who hadn't such an experience in punishment and other factors of life events( t followed by 2. 158 and 3. 020,P < 0. 05). The depression levels of the college student with left-behind experience and no left-behind experience were( 36. 92 ±8. 96) and( 33. 71 ± 8. 16),respectively. Those college students with left-behind experience had significant difference from those who hadn 't such an experience in depression( t = 3. 297,P < 0. 05). 3. Correlative analysis indicated six factors of life events of college students with left-behind experience had remarkably positive relevance with depression( r followed by 0. 446,0. 466,0. 371,0. 246,0. 427 and 0. 378,P < 0. 01).Regression analysis implied study pressure( β = 0. 329) and healthy adaptation( β =0. 240) of life events of college students with left-behind experience assumed predictive role for depression( R2= 0. 242). Conclusion Those college students with left-behind experience are more susceptible to feel the negative life events. Life events have much effect on depression.