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目的 探讨孕期水果摄入量与血糖代谢的关系。方法 于2017年2—7月选取成都市某妇幼医疗机构产前门诊孕6～14周单胎健康孕妇作为研究对象。采用3天24小时膳食回顾法分别于孕早期、孕中期收集孕妇膳食信息，计算水果平均每日摄入量。以《中国孕期妇女膳食指南(2016)》水果推荐量为标准计算水果摄入不足率，并将孕妇分为水果摄入不足组、摄入适宜组和摄入较多组。采用多重线性回归分别分析孕期水果摄入量与空腹血糖、服糖后1 h及服糖后2 h血糖水平的关系，采用log-binomial回归模型分析孕期水果摄入量与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)的关系。结果 最终获得有效样本孕早期1453例、孕中期1049例，年龄(28.5±4.0)岁。孕早期和孕中期水果平均摄入量[M(P25,P75)]分别为279.7(180.8,415.2)g/d和232.0(100.0,390.0)g/d,摄入不足率分别为18.8%和43.2%。调整年龄、孕前体质指数、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、家族糖尿病史、产次、体力活动水平、能量、蔬菜摄入量、谷物摄入量、红肉摄入量与饮料摄入量后，多重线性回归结果显示，与孕中期水果摄入不足组比，孕中期水果摄入适宜组空腹血糖水平降低(β=-0.071,95%CI-0.111～-0.003)。log-binomial回归分析结果显示，孕中期水果摄入不足组孕妇GDM发生风险较摄入适宜组增加(RR=1.13,95%CI 1.11～1.58);未观察到孕早期水果摄入量与血糖代谢的关系。结论 孕期水果摄入量与血糖代谢相关，摄入适宜量水果可能改善空腹血糖，而孕期水果摄入不足可能增加GDM发生风险。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To examine the association between fruit intake and blood glucose metabolism.METHODS Healthy singleton pregnant women with 6-14 weeks of gestation were selected in a maternal-and-child health care institution in Chengdu from February to July 2017. Dietary information was obtained by 3-day 24-hour dietary recall during each trimester, and the average daily total fruit intake per person were calculated. According to the Dietary guidelines for Chinese pregnant women(2016), insufficient rates of fruits were calculated, and the participants were divided into insufficient intake group, suitable intake group and higher intake group. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the association between fruit intake during pregnancy and fasting blood glucose, 1-h plasma glucose and 2-h plasma glucose. Log-binomial regression model was used to analyze the association between fruit intake during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).RESULTS Valid samples of 1453 cases in early pregnancy, 1049 cases in middle pregnancy were included, the age was(28.5±4.0)years old. The average fruit intake during the early and middle pregnancy(M(P25,P75)) were 279.7(180.8,415.2) g/d and 232.0(100.0,390.0) g/d, respectively. The insufficient rates were 18.8% and 43.2%, respectively. After adjusting for age, pre-pregnancy BMI, education level, family income, family history of diabetes, parity, physical activity, energy, vegetables, grains, red meat, and beverages, multiple linear regression result showed that compared with the insufficient fruit intake group, in the suitable fruit intake group, the fasting blood glucose level was decreased(β=-0.071, 95%CI-0.111--0.003).Results of log binomial regression analysis showed that when compared with the fruit suitable intake group during the second trimester, the insufficient intake group may increase the risk of GDM(RR=1.13,95% CI 1.11-1.58); no association between fruit intake during the early pregnancy and blood glucose metabolism was observed.CONCLUSION Fruit intake during pregnancy is associated with blood glucose metabolism. The appropriate amount of fruit intake may improve fasting blood glucose and insufficient intake of fruits during the second trimester may increase the risk of GDM.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.04.009
中图分类号:R153.1
引用信息:
[1]孙鸿,陈思佳,庞欣欣,等.孕期水果摄入与血糖代谢的关系[J].卫生研究,2022,51(04):550-555.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.04.009.
基金信息:
达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金(No.DIC2016-06)
2021-01-31
2021
2023-03-17
2023
3
2022-07-30
2022-07-30