卫生研究

目的研究我国不同省份0～5岁儿童的超重和肥胖现况。方法数据来自中国2013年0～5岁儿童乳母营养健康监测,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,研究对象为全国31个省、自治区、直辖市55个调查县区中的0～5岁儿童。儿童身高、体重的测量采用标准方法,通过问卷调查收集儿童基本信息。儿童超重和肥胖采用WHO 2006年、WHO 2007年的生长发育标准(参考)进行判断。所有分析使用2010年国家统计局的省级标准人口进行事后分层加权计算。结果 2013年监测0～5岁儿童样本量为32 861名,各省0～5岁儿童城乡合计的超重率在3.3%～16.1%之间,肥胖率在0.6%～9.7%之间。在只有城市调查点的省份,山东0～5岁儿童超重率最高(14.3%),海南最低(3.3%);山东儿童肥胖率最高(5.2%),海南最低(0.6%)。在只有农村调查点的省份,山西儿童超重率最高(16.1%),青海最低(3.3%);肥胖率为山西最高(9.7%),青海最低(0.7%)。兼具城乡调查点的省份,儿童超重率为河北最高(14.3%)、贵州最低(3.5%);肥胖率为河北最高(6.6%)、贵州最低(0.9%)。结论 2013年中国东部、中部地区0～5岁儿童的超重率、肥胖率相对较高。

OBJECTIVE To study the provincial prevalence of overweight and obesity among 0-5 years old children in China in 2013. METHODS Data was from the China Nutrition and Health Surveillance among 0-5 years Children and Lactating Women in 2013. A stratified multistage cluster sampling was used among 0-5 years children from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities and selected 55 districts/counties. The weight and height measurement was conducted using a standard method. The questionnaire was used to collect the information of children. The WHO 2006 growth standard and WHO 2007 growth reference were used to define the overweight and obesity in children. The data was calculated using the post-stratified weight based on provincial census from the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010. RESULTS The sample participants were 32 861 in 2013. The provincial prevalence of overweight was in 3.3%-16.1% and in 0.6%-9.7% for obesity. Among the provinces with urban survey sites, the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity was Shandong(14.3% and 5.2%), the lowest was Hainan(3.3% and 0.6%). Among the provinces with rural survey sites, the highest rate of overweight was Shanxi(16.1%)and the lowest was Qinghai(3.3%),while the highest rate of obesity was Shanxi(9.7%)and the lowest was Qinghai(0.7%). Among the provinces with both urban and rural survey sites, the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity was in Hebei(14.3% and 6.6%), the lowest was in Guizhou(3.5% and 0.9%). CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity among 0-5 years old children was higher in central and middle region in China.