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目的 了解中国老年人膳食蛋白质的摄入量、来源及餐次分布状况。方法选取4941名2018年中国健康与营养调查60岁及以上人群为研究对象，调查采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，采用连续3天24小时膳食回顾法和家庭调味品称重记账法收集膳食数据，使用食物成分表计算每日和各餐蛋白质摄入量。结果 研究对象年龄范围60～97岁，男性占46.49%,农村占58.98%。研究对象每日蛋白质摄入量中位数为0.93 g/kg BW,男性和女性每日蛋白质摄入量达到推荐摄入量的比例分别为35.87%和34.34%。研究对象早餐、午餐、晚餐蛋白质摄入量的中位数分别为0.22、0.34和0.33 g/kg BW,男性和女性全天各餐蛋白质摄入量均低于0.4 g/kg BW的比例分别为45.41%和48.22%,男性和女性全天蛋白质达标餐次数平均值分别为0.84次和0.80次。研究对象每日动物蛋白和植物蛋白占比平均值分别为35.25%和64.75%,三餐蛋白质摄入量变异系数平均值为0.34。结论 2018年中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)老年人每日和各餐膳食蛋白质的摄入水平总体偏低，早餐蛋白质摄入水平低于午餐和晚餐，全天膳食蛋白质以植物食物来源为主。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze the amount, sources, and meal distribution of protein intake in Chinese adults aged ≥ 60 in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) in 2018.METHODS A multistage, random cluster design was employed in China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2018. A total of 4941 participants aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis. The 3 consecutive day 24-hour dietary recall was used to collect information on food intake, and the condiment intake was collected by weighting and bookkeeping method. Protein intake was calculated by food composition table.RESULTS The study subjects aged between 60 to 97.5 years old, with males accounting for 46.49% and rural population accounting for 58.98%. The median daily protein intake of study subjects was 0.93 g/kg BW. The proportion of males and females who achieved recommended nutrient intake(RNI) of protein intake was 35.87% and 34.34%, respectively. The median protein intake of study subjects for breakfast, lunch, and dinner was 0.22, 0.34 and 0.33 g/kg BW, respectively. The proportion of males and females with no meal reaching 0.4 g/kg BW protein intake was 45.41% and 48.22%, respectively. The average number of meals reaching 0.4 g/kg BW protein intake throughout the day was 0.84 and 0.80 for males and females, respectively. The average proportions of animal protein and plant protein for the study subjects were 35.25% and 64.75%, respectively. The average coefficient of variation for protein intake was 0.34.CONCLUSION The daily and meal protein intake of the Chinese adults aged 60 and above in 15 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities) are relatively low. Protein intake in breakfast is much lower than that in lunch and dinner. The main source of dietary protein throughout a day is from plant-based food.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.01.014
中图分类号:R153.3
引用信息:
[1]宋晓昀,王惠君,苏畅,等.2018年中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)老年人膳食蛋白质摄入量、来源及餐次分布状况[J].卫生研究,2025,54(01):67-72.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.01.014.
基金信息:
公共卫生应急-营养健康与合理膳食行动(No.102393220020070000012); 国家自然科学基金(No.82103848); 美国国立卫生研究院基金(No.R01-HD30880,DK056350,R24-HD050924,R01-HD38700); 中国食品科学技术学会食品科技基金-雅培食品营养与安全专项科研基金(No.2020-09)
2025-01-23
2025-01-23