卫生研究

于１９９２年９月起按经济水平和人口构成，随机抽取４０１３名城乡散居居民进行膳食及住户调查，并与１９８２年进行对比分析。结果表明：城乡（尤其是城市）居民的膳食营养水平和质量较１９８２年明显提高，热能、维生素Ｃ等达到ＲＤＡ，但城乡居民营养不良和营养过剩并存，钙、维生素Ｂ２和视黄醇等营养素在人群中普遍缺乏或偏低，膳食结构不合理，与我国２０００年膳食目标相比差距仍较大。全省及城、乡居民膳食的ＤＤＰ评分值分别为８７．４、９３．６和７６．８，膳食结构和营养水平城乡差别极大，城市居民膳食质量较好；家庭经济收入和人口数对膳食结构及营养水平有较大的影响，农村是营养改善的重点地区。

To understand the trend of changes in nutritional status and dietary pattern in the last ten years, and to achieve the goals of improving the health and nutrition status of the population, a province-wide nutrition survey was conducted from Sep. to Nov, 1992. 906 households with 4013 persons were randomly selected. Household food consumption was surveyed by three- days food weighing. The results showed that the nutritional level and dietary quality have improved among urban and rural residents compared with that in 1982. Intake of energy, vitamin C have met the Chinese RDA, but the inadequacies of calcium, vitamin B2retinol were common. The dietary pattern was inadequate, The dietary DDP val ue for urban, rural and the whole province were 93.6,76.8 and 87.4, respectively. The dietary quali,ty of urban resident was superior to that of rural. It revealed that the nutritional level and dietary pattern are affected by household(FIH) income and the number of persons within HH.Rural areas should be the target for nutrition intervention. Several suggestions are put forth for improving the nutritional status and health level.