卫生研究

目的 探究中国3～6岁儿童的肥胖危险因素。方法 检索CNKI、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、Web of science、Embase、The Cochrane library数据库，以学龄前儿童、肥胖、危险/影响因素、病例-对照研究和preschooler、obesity、risk factors/influence factors case-control study、China/Chinese为中、英文主题词，语种限定为中文和英文，收集2000年1月1日至2021年6月30日公开发表的关于中国3～6岁儿童肥胖危险因素病例-对照研究的文献。采用Stata 14.0软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析，并进行异质性检验、Meta回归、敏感性分析与发表偏倚检验。结果 纳入12篇文献，共11 770人，病例组4092人，对照组7678人。Meta分析结果显示：出生体重≥4000 g,OR=2.176,95%CI 1.507～3.143;食欲旺盛OR=3.860,95%CI 2.991～4.980;进食速度快OR=2.836,95%CI 2.552～3.152;母亲超重肥胖OR=1.903,95%CI 1.213～2.986;母亲受教育水平低OR=1.744,95%CI 1.100～2.766,身体活动不足OR=1.488,95%CI 1.267～1.748。结论 出生体重≥4000 g、食欲旺盛、进食速度快、母亲超重肥胖、母亲受教育水平低和身体活动不足是中国3～6岁儿童肥胖的危险因素。

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors of obesity in children aged 3-6 years in China.METHODS Using search terms, preschooler, obesity, risk factors/influence factors, case-control studies, and language limited to Chinese and English, search databases(CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Web of science, Embase, The Cochrane library). To collect domestic and foreign literature on the case-control study design of obesity risk factors in preschool children in China published from January 1, 2000 to June 30, 2021. Stata 14.0 software was used for Meta-analysis of the included literature, and publication bias test and sensitivity analysis were performed.RESULTS A total of 11 770 people were included in 12 papers, including 4092 in the case group and 7678 in the control group. Meta analysis shows: birth weight ≥4000 g OR=2.176,95% CI 1.507-3.143; strong appetite OR=3.860,95%CI 2.991-4.980; fast eating OR=2.836,95%CI 2.552-3.152; mother overweight and obesity OR=1.903,95%CI 1.213-2.986; mother's low level of education OR=1.744,95%CI 1.100-2.766; Physical inactivity OR=1.488,95%CI 1.267-1.748.CONCLUSION Birth weight ≥ 4000 g, fast eating speed, strong appetite, mother overweight and obesity, mother's low level of education, and physical inactivity are risk factors for obesity in children aged 3-6 years.