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目的 分析和描述2016—2017年中国中小学生电子屏幕使用状况及特征。方法 于2016—2017年，采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法，抽取31个省(自治区、直辖市)275个监测点，每个监测点抽取280名中小学生完成调查，采用《健康中国行动(2019—2030)》建议的中小学生每天不超过1小时的电子屏幕使用时间作为评价标准。结果 纳入中小学生(初三、高三除外)共74 314人，其中男生37 147人(50.0%),女生37 167人(50.0%);小学生44 612人(60.0%),初中生14 858人(20.0%),高中生14 844人(20.0%);农村38 995人(52.5%),城市35 319人(47.5%);住校生53 287人(71.7%),走读生20 537人(27.6%)。2016—2017年中国小学生平均每天屏幕使用时间为1.45 h,M(P25,P75)为1.14(0.57,1.93)h;初中生为1.92 h,M(P25,P75)为1.43(0.71,2.48)h;高中生为2.37 h,M(P25,P75)为1.71(0.90,3.02)h。小学生、初中生和高中生平均每天屏幕使用达标率分别为46.1%、37.1%和27.7%。2016—2017年中国小学生电子屏幕产品使用时间最长的是电视和影碟(62%),手机次之(21%);初中生看电视、影碟和玩手机分别占所有电子屏幕产品使用总时间的38%和37%;高中生使用手机的时间最长(49%),看电视和影碟次之(26%)。结论 随着年级的升高，小学、初中和高中生屏幕使用时间越长，屏幕使用时间达标率下降，使用最多的电子屏幕种类为手机和电视、影碟。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze and describe the status and characteristics of using electronic screens of primary and middle school students in China from 2016 to 2017.METHODS From 2016 to 2017, 275 monitoring points were selected from 31 provinces in China, and 280 primary and middle school students were selected from each monitoring point to complete the survey. Using the suggestion from “Healthy China Initiative(2019-2030)”of which the screen time of primary and middle school students should be less than one hour per day as the standard.RESULTS A total of 74 314 primary and secondary school students(except grade 9 and grade 12) were included in this study. Among them, there were 37 147 boys(50.0%) and 37 167 girls(50.0%); 44 612 pupils(60.0%), 14 858 junior school students(20.0%), and 14 844 senior high school students(20.0%); 38 995(52.5%) rural students and 35 319(47.5%) urban students; 53 287 boarding students(71.7%) and 20 537 day students(27.6%). From 2016 to 2017, the average daily screen time of Chinese primary school students was 1.45 hours, M(P25,P75) was 1.14(0.57, 1.93) h. That of junior high school students was 1.92 hours, M(P25,P75) was 1.43(0.71, 2.48) h. That of senior high school students was 2.37 hours, M(P25,P75) was 1.71(0.90, 3.02) h. The average daily screen time qualified rates of primary school, junior high and senior high school students were 46.1%, 37.1% and 27.7%, respectively. From 2016 to 2017, the most used electronic screen products of primary school students in China were TV/videos(62%), followed by mobile phones(21%). Junior high school students spent 38% and 37% of the total time watching TV/videos and playing mobile phones, respectively. High school students spend the longest time using mobile phones(49%) of the total time, followed by watching TV/videos(26%).CONCLUSIONS With the increasing of grade, screen time became longer, and screen time qualified rate dropped. Moreover, the most used electronic screens were mobile phones and TV/videos.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.03.001
中图分类号:R179
引用信息:
[1]成雪,于冬梅,赵丽云,等.2016—2017年中国中小学生电子屏幕使用现状[J].卫生研究,2022,51(03):347-352.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.03.001.
基金信息:
国家重大公共卫生服务项目“中国儿童与乳母营养健康监测(2016—2017年)”
2022-05-30
2022-05-30