卫生研究

目的探讨2015年中国15省(自治区、直辖市)中老年居民饮奶状况及其对膳食钙摄入的影响。方法以"中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)"第10轮调查数据资料为基础,将有完整膳食数据信息的45岁及以上共9766名中老年居民作为研究对象,并按平均每日奶摄入量将调查对象分为0(不饮奶组)、1~99、100~199、200~299、≥300 g/d饮奶组。比较不同奶摄入量组中老年居民平均每日膳食钙摄入量差异。计算调查人群平均每日膳食钙摄入量达到推荐摄入量的人群比例。计数资料差异比较采用卡方检验,计量资料差异比较采用非参数检验。结果 2015年,我国45岁及以上中老年居民饮奶率和每日奶摄入量第95百分位数(P95)分别为14.7%和158.9 g/d;不同奶摄入量组中老年居民每日膳食钙摄入量分别为283.8、376.8、467.5、547.2和785.8 mg/d;饮奶者和非饮奶者平均每日膳食钙摄入量达到推荐摄入量的人群比例分别为4.3%和1.3%。结论我国中老年居民膳食奶类摄入水平仍然较低,膳食钙摄入量有随饮奶量增加而上升的趋势。

Objective To investigate milk consumption and effects on dietary calcium among Chinese middle and old aged residents of 15 provinces in 2015. Methods Data used in present study was derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey( CHNS). The participants were aged 45 years old and over,and had completed personal dietary information data during the 10 th wave's survey. The subjects were divided into the following groups according to milk consumption per day,0( no milk drinking),1-99,100-199,200-299 and ≥300 g/d. Dietary calcium from different milk consumption groups was compared,and the percentage of achieving the Chinese dietary reference intake on calcium was calculated. Chi-square test and non-parametric test were used to compare the differences of count data and quantitative data,respectively. Results The result showed that,in 2015,the percentage of milk consumption and daily intake of milkin P95 was 14. 7% and 158. 9 g/d,respectively; the average daily intake of calcium of 0( no milk drinking),1-99,100-199,200-299 and ≥300 g/d groups were 283. 8,376. 8,467. 5,547. 2 and 785. 8 mg/d,respectively; the percentage of achieving the Chinese dietary reference intake on calcium was 4. 3% in milk consumers and 1. 3% in non-milk consumers. Conclusion The milk intake of Chinese middle and old aged residents still remains in quite low level, and dietary calcium increased with milk consumption.