卫生研究

目的 了解陕西产淡水鱼中矿物质含量及评价其相关营养价值。方法 根据2021年陕西省营养监测计划，利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对陕西省淡水养殖的13种鱼类中9种矿物质含量进行测定，并采用营养质量指数法(index of nutritional quality, INQ)对矿物质进行营养评价，同时应用SPSS软件对9种矿物质和能量进行相关性分析。结果 13种鱼类中9种矿物质以磷(169～255 mg/100 g)和钾(159～373 mg/100 g)含量最高，其次为钙、钠、镁、铁和锌，铜与锰含量较低。营养评价显示，INQ值均大于1的元素有磷、钾和镁，其中磷的INQ值较高(4.57～8.72),部分鱼类钙、铁、铜和锌的INQ值大于1。相关性研究显示，9种矿物质之间的相关性整体不强，仅部分元素之间的相关系数大于0.6,表明其在鱼体中存在协同积累效应或拮抗效应。结论 2021年陕西省淡水鱼中优势矿物质各不相同，但大部份鱼种可作为磷、钾、镁、铜和锌来源的优质食品。

OBJECTIVE To understand the mineral content of freshwater fish produced in Shaanxi Province and evaluate its related nutritional value.METHODS According to the 2021 Shaanxi Provincial nutrition monitoring plan, the 9 mineral contents of 13 varieties of freshwater fish, produced in Shaanxi province, were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The nutritional evaluation of mineral elements was carried out by using the index of nutritional quality(INQ) method. Simultaneously, the correlation between 9 minerals and energy was analyzed by SPSS software.RESULTS Among the 13 fish species, the contents of P and K were highest, with content ranges of 169-255 and 159-373 mg/100 g, respectively, followed by sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc. The contents of copper and manganese were lowest. The nutritional evaluation showed that the INQ values of P, K and Mg were than 1, the INQ value of P was highest, which was 4.57-8.72. Some fish have INQ values greater than 1 for calcium, iron, copper and zinc. The correlation between the nine minerals was not strong, as a whole. Only some elements have a correlation coefficient greater than 0.6, indicating that there was a synergistic accumulation effect or antagonistic effect in the fish body.CONCLUSION The dominant mineral elements in different species of fish were different. However, most fish species can be used as high-quality food sources of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, copper and zinc.