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目的分析职业性噪声暴露对男性钢铁工人高血压的影响。方法以某钢铁集团公司2015年5月—2016年7月进行职业健康查体的7725名一线在职工人为研究对象。通过问卷调查收集钢铁工人的一般情况、噪声暴露等职业因素信息,通过标准方法测量血压等。采用卡方检验分析不同累积噪声暴露量的高血压患病情况,应用限制性立方样条模型(restrictive cubic spline,RCS)结合多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析噪声暴露及其他因素对高血压的影响。结果噪声暴露者高血压患病率高于噪声非暴露者(P<0.001)。在调整年龄、文化程度等因素后,经限制性立方样条模型分析结果显示,累积噪声暴露量(cumulative noise exposure,CNE)与高血压间存在非线性剂量-反应关系(整体关联性检验χ2=75.76,P<0.001,非线性检验χ2=24.17,P<0.001)。以CNE最低剂量组的钢铁工人为对照, CNE为82～94、95～107[dB(A)×年]的工人高血压患病风险分别是低剂量噪声暴露组的1.81倍(95%CI 1.31～2.52)和2.60倍(95%CI 1.84～3.68)。结论 CNE与高血压呈非线性剂量-反应关系。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of occupational noise exposure on hypertension in male steel workers. METHODS The general information, noise exposure and blood pressure were collected through questionnaires and physical examinations. Chi-square test was used to investigate the prevalence of hypertension under different cumulative noise exposure, and the effect of noise exposure and other factors on hypertension was analyzed by the restrictive cubic spline(RCS) combined with multivariatenon-condition Logistic regression model. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension in noise exposure group was higher than that in noise non-exposure group(P<0.001).After adjusting for multiple factors, the restricted cubic spline model showed a dose-response relationship between cumulative noise exposure(CNE) and hypertension(overall correlation χ2=75.76, P<0.001, and nonlinear χ2=24.17, P<0.001). Compared with the steel workers exposure to lowest dose, the risk of hypertension of steel workers exposure to 82-94 and 95-107 dB(A) in group was 1.81(95%CI 1.31-2.52) times and 2.60(95%CI 1.84-3.68) times. CONCLUSION There is a non-linear dose-response relationship between cumulative noise exposure and hypertension.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.03.010
中图分类号:R135
引用信息:
[1]苏亚娇,秦真威,王朝阳,等.职业性噪声暴露对男性钢铁工人高血压患病的影响[J].卫生研究,2020,49(03):403-408.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2020.03.010.
基金信息:
河北省自然科学基金(No.H2016209058); 国家重点研发计划(No.2016YFC0900605)
2020-05-30
2020-05-30