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目的 分析中国18岁及以上成年人的饮酒状况及变化趋势。方法 以2002年、2012年和2015年三轮中国居民营养与健康监测调查数据为基础，选择有完整饮酒状况调查数据的18岁及以上成年人作为调查对象。结果 2002—2015年中国18岁及以上成年人饮酒率呈现逐年上升的趋势，2012年为28.9%,2015年达42.9%。男性饮酒率高于女性，城乡差异不大。饮酒者的酒精摄入量呈现逐年下降的趋势，酒精摄入量中位数由2002年的12.9 g/d降到2015年5.7 g/d,男性较女性下降更明显。饮酒者的过量饮酒率，呈现逐年下降的趋势，由2002年45.4%下降到2015年的35.5%,男性较女性下降更明显，城市较农村下降更明显。与其他年龄组相比，30～39岁组饮酒者的过量饮酒率下降最多。中国成年饮酒者饮用最多的是高度白酒和啤酒。男性饮用最多的是高度白酒，女性饮用最多的是啤酒。18～29岁、30～39岁、40～49岁年龄组饮酒者饮用最多为啤酒，50～59岁、60～69岁和≥70岁组饮酒者饮用最多为高度白酒。结论 中国饮酒者的过量饮酒情况依旧严峻，需重点关注是男性、农村和50岁及以上的人群。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze the trend of changes in alcohol consumption among Chinese adults aged 18 and above.METHODS Based on the data from three rounds of China Nutrition and Health Surveys in 2002, 2012 and 2015 years, we selected adults aged 18 and above with complete alcohol consumption survey data as the survey subjects.RESULTS From 2002 to 2015, the alcohol consumption rate among Chinese adults aged 18 and above showed a year-by-year increasing trend, reaching 28.9% in 2012 and 42.9% in 2015.The alcohol consumption rate among males is higher than that among females, and there is not much difference between urban and rural areas. The alcohol intake of drinkers showed a downward trend year by year. The median alcohol intake decreased from 12.9 g/d in 2002 to 5.7 g/d in 2015, which was more obvious in men than in women. The rate of excessive alcohol consumption among drinkers has shown a decreasing trend year by year, from 45.4% in 2002 to 35.5% in 2015. The decline is more pronounced in males than females, and it was more obvious in urban areas than in rural areas. Compared to other age groups, the 30-39 age group showed the greatest decrease in excessive alcohol consumption rates among drinkers. Chinese adult drinkers drink the most types of high degree wine and beer. As for the most favorite type of drinking, men drink the most high degree wine, while women drink the most beer. The most drinkers in the age groups of 18-29, 30-39 and 40-49 years old drank beer, and the most drinkers in the age groups of 50-59, 60-69 and ≥ 70 years old drank high degree wine.CONCLUSION The situation of excessive drinking among Chinese drinkers remains severe, with a particular focus on males, rural areas and those aged 50 and above.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.02.005
中图分类号:R195
引用信息:
[1]许晓丽,王惠君,房红芸等.2002—2015年中国成年人饮酒状况变迁[J].卫生研究,2025,54(02):201-207+221.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.02.005.
基金信息:
国家重大公共卫生服务项目[中国居民营养与健康状况调查/监测(1982—2015年)]; 国家财政项目：公共卫生应急-营养健康与合理膳食行动(No.102393220020070000012)