卫生研究

目的对30名农村健康成人进行能量代谢及关键技术的测定,并同时对其进行双标水标定实验,获得中国北方农村成年男女不同体力活动水平的能量消耗量数据。方法选择符合纳入标准的30名北方农村健康成人为研究对象,男女各15名,严格控制实验条件,采用K4b2便携式心肺功能测定仪测量其基础代谢和7项体力活动(慢走、快走、慢跑、骑自行车、上下楼梯和看电视)的耗氧量(VO2)和二氧化碳生成量(VCO2),用微量凯式定氮法测量24小时尿氮,结合试验期间对象的体重变化,得到我国北方健康成人不同体力活动能量消耗的数据。结果各项体力活动平均能量消耗量(kJ.h-1.kg-1)为:慢走平均耗能12.60±5.54,其中男性11.46±2.19,女性15.47±6.97;快走平均耗能20.79±10.46,其中男性15.95±3.59,女性25.33±12.70;慢跑平均耗能34.78±16.00,其中男性30.45±5.07,女性38.84±21.58;骑自行车平均耗能16.47±3.95,其中男性14.77±2.57,女性18.74±4.85;上楼梯平均耗能23.55±5.05,其中男性23.61±3.43,女性23.49±6.41;下楼梯平均耗能12.46±6.30,其中男性10.43±1.27,女性14.49±8.48;看电视平均耗能3.85±1.97,其中男性3.56±0.86,女性4.16±2.79。除上楼梯消耗能量大致相等外,按公斤体重计算,男性各项体力活动能量消耗量均低于女性P<0.05。结论对于农村健康成人来说,各种体力活动能量消耗差异较大,慢走、看电视、下楼梯属于低强度体力活动快走、骑自行车、上楼梯属于中强度体力活动,慢跑属于高强度体力活动。

To test the energy metabolism of healthy adults in rural north China and to obtain the data of energy expenditure on different physical activities,in order to provide the basis for the Dietary Reference Intakes for Chinese people and the prevention and treatment of diseases related to energy and nutrition imbalance.Method The energy expenditures on different physical activities of 30 healthy adult men and women were investigated under strictly controlled experimental conditions by using portable cardiopulmonary function determinator k4b2 to examine the oxygen consumption(VO2) and carbon dioxide production(VCO2) during basal metabolic conditions and seven kinds of physical activities(walking,brisk walking,jogging,cycling,stair climbing,and watching TV).The content of 24-hour urine nitrogen was measured by micro Kjeldahl method.Combining with the change of body weight,the energy expenditures on different physical activities of normal adult men and women in north China were obtained.Results The average energy expenditure on physical activities(kJ·h-1·kg-1) were: walking 12.60 ± 5.54(11.46±2.19 for male and 15.47±6.97 for female),brisk walking 20.79±10.46(15.95±3.59 for male and 25.33±12.70 for female),jogging 34.78±16.00(30.45±5.07 for male and 38.84±21.58 for female) cycling 16.47±3.95(14.77±2.57 for male and 18.74±4.85 for female),going up stairs 23.55 ± 5.05(23.61±3.43 for male and 23.49±6.41 for female) going down stairs 12.46±6.30(10.43±1.27 for male and 14.49 ± 8.48 for female) and watching TV 3.85±1.97(3.56±0.86 for male and 4.16±2.79 for female).Conclusion The average energy expenditure on physical activities of males was lower than that of females(P<0.05),except of going up stairs,which was roughly equal in males and females.The average energy expenditure on various physical activities was different.Walking,watching TV and going downstairs are low-intensity physical activities;brisk walking,cycling and climbing upstairs are medium-intensity physical activities;and jogging is a high-intensity physical activity.