| 183 | 3 | 26 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
目的探讨美国健康风险综合收益评估工具(COBRA)在空气污染健康风险评估中的应用,为我国开发相关工具提供借鉴。方法从软件概况、适用范围和应用文献、数据要求和软件操作、计算原理、模型构建等方面对软件进行介绍,并提出对我国的借鉴意义。结果通过在软件中输入污染物的种类和变化量,可快速得到健康和经济学收益结果。结论 COBRA工具可用于快速评价、比较污染物变化的健康影响和经济学效益,对我国开发相关工具,快速评估我国不同城市、地域或全国范围的污染防控方案的健康效益,筛选成本更低、效益更大的政策措施等方面具有重要的参考价值。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To introduce the application of COBRA in health risk assessment of air pollution,and provide reference for the development of similar tools in China. METHODS The software overview, scope of application and application literature, data requirements and software operation, calculation principles, model construction was introduced, and put forward the reference significance to China.RESULTS Health and economic benefits can be quickly obtained by entering the type and value of change in pollutant concentration into the software. CONCLUSION COBRA can be used to quickly evaluate the health effects and economic benefits of pollutant changes,and provide reference for the development of relevant tools in China,applied in many ways,such as rapid assessment of health benefits of pollution prevention and control programs in different cities,regions or nationwide,and screening the policies and measures with lower costs and greater benefits.
[1]国务院．大气污染防治行动计划[EB/OL].[2013-09-13].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2013-09/13/content_4561.htm．
[2]国务院．打赢蓝天保卫战三年行动计划[EB/OL].[2018-07-03].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2018-07/03/content_5303158.htm．
[3]生态环境部．京津冀及周边地区2018-2019年秋冬季大气污染综合治理攻坚行动方案[EB/OL].[2018-09-27].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/sthjbgw/sthjbwj/201809/t20180927_630570.htm．
[4]中国工程院．《大气污染防治行动计划》实施情况中期评估报告[EB/OL].[2016-07-05].http://www.cae.cn/cae/html/main/col96/2016-07/05/20160705161134200910514_1.html．
[5]黄德生，张世秋．京津冀地区控制PM2.5污染的健康效益评估[J]．中国环境科学，2013(1):166-174．
[6]谢元博，陈娟，李巍．雾霾重污染期间北京居民对高浓度PM2.5持续暴露的健康风险及其损害价值评估[J]．环境科学，2014(1):1-8．
[7]陈娟，李巍，程红光，等．北京市大气污染减排潜力及居民健康效益评估[J]．环境科学研究，2015(7):1114-1121．
[8]闫祯，金玲，陈潇君，等．京津冀地区居民采暖“煤改电”的大气污染物减排潜力与健康效益评估[J]．环境科学研究，2019(1):1-11．
[9]李惠娟，周德群，魏永杰．我国城市PM2.5污染的健康风险及经济损失评价[J]．环境科学，2018,39(8):3467-3475．
[10]EPA.User’s manual for the co-benefits risk assessment(COBRA)screening model[M].Washington DC:EPA,2018．
[11]BRIDGES A,FELDER F A,MCKELVEY K,et al.Uncertainty in energy planning:Estimating the health impacts of air pollution from fossil fuel electricity generation[J].Energy Res Soc Sci,2015,6:74-77.DOI:10.1016/j.erss.2014.12.002．
[12]BARBOSE G,WISER R,HEETER J.A retrospective analysis of the benefits and impacts of U.S.renewable portfolio standards[J].Energy Policy,2016,96:645-660．
[13]New York Department of Public Service.Staff white paper on benefit-cost analysis in the reforming energy vision proceeding[R].Albany:New York Department of Public Service,2015．
[14]HAYES S,HERNDON G,BARRETT J P.Change is in the air:how states can harness energy efficiency to strengthen the economy and reduce pollution[R].Washington DC:ACEEE,2014．
[15]Minnesota Department of Health.Minneapolis climate action plan:public health and environmental justice[R].Minnesota:Minnesota Department of Health,2017．
[16]California Energy Commission.Standardized regulatory impact assessment:computers,computer monitors,and signage displays[R].California:California Energy Commission,2016．
[17]HOU L,ZHANG K,LUTHIN M A,et al.Public health impact and economic costs of Volkswagen‘s lack of compliance with the United States’emission standards[J].Int J Environ Res Public Health,2016,13(9):891-897.DOI:10.3390/ijerph13090891．
[18]E.H.Pechan&Associates Inc.Development of the OPPE particulate program implementation evaluation system[R].Springfield VA:EPA,1994．
[19]Woods&Poole Economics Inc.2012 Complete U.S.demographic database files[R].Woods&Poole Economics Inc.,2011．
[20]MEIC技术团队．中国多尺度排放清单模型[EB/OL].[2018-04-22].http://www.meicmodel.org．
[21]LIU F,ZHANG Q,TONG D,et al.High-resolution inventory of technologies,activities,and emissions of coal-fired power plants in China from 1990 to 2010[J].Atmosph Chem Physics,2015,15(13):18787-18837．
[22]QI J,ZHENG B,LI M,et al.A high-resolution air pollutants emission inventory in 2013 for the BeijingTianjin-Hebei region,China[J].Atmosph Environ,2017,170:156-168.DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.039．
[23]ZHENG Y,XUE T,ZHANG Q,et al.Air quality improvements and health benefits from China’s clean air action since 2013[J].Environ Res Lett,2017,12(11):114020．
[24]ZHAO H,LI X,ZHANG Q,et al.Effects of atmospheric transport and trade on air pollution mortality in China[J].Atmosph Chem Physics,2017,17(17):1-23．
[25]仇丽萍．城市大气污染物排放清单建立及评估[D]．南京:南京大学，2015．
[26]刘菲．基于卫星遥感的中国典型人为源氮氧化物排放研究[D]．北京:清华大学，2015．
[27]环境保护部．关于发布《大气可吸入颗粒物一次源排放清单编制技术指南(试行)》等5项技术指南的公告[EB/OL].[2015-01-07].http://www.mee.gov.cn/gkml/hbb/bgg/201501/t20150107_293955.htm．
[28]CHEN R,YIN P,MENG X,et al.Fine particulate air pollution and daily mortality:a nationwide analysis in 272 Chinese cities[J].Am J Resp Crit Care Med,2017,196(1):73-81.DOI:10.1164/rccm.201609-1862OC．
[29]CHEN R,YIN P,MENG X,et al.Associations between ambient nitrogen dioxide and daily causespecific mortality:evidence from 272 Chinese cities[J].Epidemiology,2018,29(4):482-489.DOI:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000829．
[30]WANG L,LIU C,MENG X,et al.Associations between short-term exposure to ambient sulfur dioxide and increased cause-specific mortality in 272 Chinese cities[J].Environ Int,2018,117:33-39.DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2018.04.019．
[31]徐东群，许群．空气污染人群健康风险评估方法及应用[M]．北京:人民卫生出版社，2018.
基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2019.05.024
中图分类号:X51;X820.4
引用信息:
[1]李亚伟,刘静怡,孟聪申,等.COBRA工具软件在空气污染健康风险及综合收益评估中的应用[J].卫生研究,2019,48(05):822-827+833.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2019.05.024.
基金信息:
公益性行业科研专项(No.201502003)
2019-07-15
2019-07-15
2019-07-15