卫生研究

目的了解山东省儿童青少年血清维生素D和空腹血糖的关系及其受超重肥胖的影响。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,于2016—2017年在山东省13个地级市各抽取一个区县作为调查点,共抽取26所小学、26所初中和13所高中的儿童青少年3562人(体重正常2666人,超重446人,肥胖450人,其中周围型肥胖131人,腹型肥胖319人),对其进行问卷调查。体检测定血清维生素D和空腹血糖。采用"中国学龄儿童青少年超重肥胖筛查体质指数分类标准"对超重肥胖进行判定。结果 13～17岁组空腹血糖水平显著高于6～12岁组(t=-3.13,P=0.002),男性显著高于女性(t=7.87,P<0.001)。体重正常和肥胖者中血清维生素D和空腹血糖之间呈负相关(P<0.05)。超重者血清维生素D与空腹血糖无显著性相关(P>0.05)。女性和13～17岁体重正常者、6～12岁腹型肥胖者,血清维生素D与空腹血糖呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论山东省13～17岁青少年空腹血糖高于6～12岁儿童,男性空腹血糖高于女性。不同性别、年龄和超重肥胖状态对血清维生素D与空腹血糖关系有影响。

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between serum vitamin D and fasting blood glucose in children and adolescents, and its influence on overweight and obesity. METHODS Using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, 13 districts and counties in Shandong Province were selected as survey points, and a total of 26 elementary schools, 26 junior high schools and 13 high schools were selected. Questionnaire surveys and physical examination were conducted on children and adolescents aged 6-17. Serum vitamin D and fasting blood glucose were uniformly measured. The "BMI Classification Standard for Overweight and Obesity Screening for Chinese School-age Children and Adolescents" was used to determine overweight and obesity. Statistical method adopt t-test and generalized linear regression model for analysis. RESULTS A total of 3562 children aged 6-17 years were investigated, 2666 were healthy, 446 were overweight, 450 were obese, including 131 peripheral obesity and 319 abdominal obesity. The fasting blood glucose level of the 13-17-year-old group was significantly higher than that of the 6-12-year-old group(t=-3.13, P=0.002), and the male was significantly higher than that of the female(t=7.87, P<0.001). In the healthy and obesity group, there was a negative correlation between serum vitamin D and fasting blood glucose(P<0.05). In overweight group, serum vitamin D was not significantly related to fasting blood glucose(P>0.05). Serum vitamin D and fasting blood glucose were negatively correlated with healthy bodies in female group and 13-17 years old group, and the abdominal obesity bodies in the 6-12 year old group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION The fasting blood glucose of adolescents aged 13-17 is significantly higher than that of children aged 6-12, and the fasting blood glucose of men is significantly higher than that of women. Different gender, age, and overweight and obesity status have an impact on the relationship between serum vitamin D and fasting blood glucose.