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目的评估酸奶摄入对1～6年级小学生上呼吸道感染的预防效果。方法采用整群随机对照试验方法,招募浙江省慈溪市、平湖市、杭州市7所小学2020年9月入学的1～6年级在校生共4449人,以干预和对照来自同一乡镇的原则将入选学校随机分为干预组和对照组,其中干预组2238人、对照组2211人。干预组自2020年10月9日起每天饮用一瓶含Lactobacillus bulgaricus OLL1073R-1(R-1乳酸菌)的酸奶,持续15.5周,对照组为空白对照,研究期间两组人群保持与干预前相似的饮食生活习惯。通过家长填写调查问卷及班主任或校医填写《小学生症状/缺勤登记表》了解小学生上呼吸道感染发生情况。结果研究对象年龄(9.70±1.84)岁,男性2329人,女性2120人。与对照组相比,干预组上呼吸道感染发病率较低(14.83%比17.05%,P=0.049),在第一次出现上呼吸道感染的学生中,干预组感染持续时间在3天以上的学生人数低于对照组,且出现的感染症状总数较少。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,干预组发生上呼吸道感染的风险是对照组的0.829倍(RR=0.829,95%CI 0.693～0.992),与出现1个感染症状相比,酸奶干预降低了出现2个及以上感染症状的风险(RR=0.347,95%CI 0.231～0.520)。结论持续摄入含R-1乳酸菌的酸奶能够降低小学生上呼吸道感染的发病风险,并减少出现的感染症状。
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.06.027
中图分类号:R725.6
引用信息:
[1]贾成静,苏丹婷,沈郁,等.酸奶对小学生上呼吸道感染的预防效果[J].卫生研究,2021,50(06):1030-1034.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.06.027.
基金信息:
国家科技基础资源调查专项(No.2017FY101100)
2021-11-30
2021-11-30