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目的了解中国3~12岁儿童食物过敏和食物不耐受的流行情况,探讨其相关因素。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,选取七城市(北京、苏州、广州、郑州、成都、兰州和沈阳)和两农村(河北省邢台市南和县和邢台县),共抽取1792名3~12岁儿童进行问卷调查,并用Logistic回归分析儿童自报食物过敏与食物不耐受的相关因素。结果儿童自报食物过敏率为8.4%,食物不耐受率为7.7%。最常见的引起儿童食物过敏的食物为海鲜、鱼、鸡蛋、水果和牛奶。多因素分析结果显示父母有过敏史为儿童食物过敏的危险因素[OR=4.49(95%CI 2.528.01),P<0.01],挑食为儿童食物不耐受的危险因素[OR=2.40(95%CI 1.434.02),P<0.01],母亲文化程度高为儿童食物不耐受的保护因素(母亲文化程度为大学及以上者相对于初中及以下者[OR=0.40(95%CI 0.200.80),P=0.01]。结论儿童食物过敏和食物不耐受的发生与遗传因素和父母文化程度与家庭经济状况等环境因素密切相关。
Abstract：Objective To measure the prevalence and the associated factors of food allergy and food intolerance in 3- 12 year-old children in 9 areas in China. Method1792 children selected by multistage cluster sampling method from 7 cities and 2 rural areas,from November 2011 to April 2012,with a face-to-face survey to children and their parents,and the logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors of food allergy and food intolerance of children. Results The prevalence of self-reported food allergy and food intolerance were 8. 4% and 7. 7%,respectively. The common foods led to food allergy reported by children's parents were seafood,fish,egg,fruit and milk. The parental allergy was risk factors of food allergy of children( OR = 4. 49( 95% CI 2. 52-8. 01),P < 0. 01). The picky eating was risk factor of food intolerance of children( OR =2. 40( 95% CI 1. 43- 4. 02),P < 0. 01). And the education of mother was protective factor of food intolerance of children( the mother with college degree and above relative to with middle school degree and below( OR = 0. 40( 95% CI 0. 20- 0. 80),P = 0. 01).Conclusion Children's food allergy and food intolerance were associated with geneticfactors and environmental factors included parental education and family economic status.Variable foods were necessary for children 's growth and development,therefore,it is demanded to conduct intervention studies based on the associated factors.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2015.02.011
中图分类号:R153.2
引用信息:
[1]张雅蓉,陈云,赵艾,等.中国3~12岁儿童自报食物过敏与食物不耐受的相关因素分析[J].卫生研究,2015,44(02):226-231.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2015.02.011.
2015-03-30
2015-03-30