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目的了解浙江省居民的甲状腺结节患病现况,探讨甲状腺结节的相关危险因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,于2010年3—12月抽取浙江省22个县区,对18 956名常住人口和生活3年以上外来人员进行问卷调查(包括一般情况、生活及饮食习惯、自身健康状况及疾病史等),并进行甲状腺B超和水碘、盐碘、尿碘等检测,计算不同地区不同人群甲状腺结节患病率,描述甲状腺结节相关因素的分布水平,并运用Logistic回归分析可能影响甲状腺结节的危险因素。结果浙江省居民甲状腺结节患病率为21.78%(4129人),其中单发结节患病率为11.75%(2227人),高于多发结节的10.03%(1902人)(χ2=281.44,P<0.05);男性甲状腺结节患病率为16.60%(1324人),低于女性的25.59%(2795人)(χ2=218.60,P<0.05),城市居民为23.62%(2226人),高于农村居民的19.97%(1903人)(χ2=922.53,P<0.05),且均随年龄增长而逐渐升高(χ2=36.99,P<0.05);沿海、次沿海和内陆地区甲状腺结节患病率依次为25.05%(1927人)、20.27%(1343人)和18.52%(859人)(χ2=85.84,P<0.05);文化程度高、常吃海产品、生气频率高、有甲状腺疾病患病史[OR(95%CI)分别为1.11(1.061.16)、1.34(1.181.51)、1.12(1.031.22)和2.21(1.513.24)]及碘营养水平缺乏是浙江省居民甲状腺结节患病的危险因素。结论 2010年浙江省居民甲状腺结节女性患病率高于男性,且随年龄增长而逐渐升高;中老年人群应是甲状腺结节防治工作的重点对象;儿童甲状腺结节患病率虽较低,但因为其发展为恶性的危险性高,应引起重视;文化程度高、有食用海产品习惯、生气频率高、有甲状腺疾病患病史、碘营养水平缺乏可能是人群甲状腺结节发生的危险因素。
Abstract：Objective To assess the prevalence of thyroid nodules and explore the risk factors for thyroid nodules among the community residents in Zhejiang Province.Methods The residents of twenty-two communities in Zhejiang Province were selectedwith stratified cluster sampling. The cross-sectional survey includes questionnaire,examination on thyroid. The prevalence and related factors of thyroid nodules was described,and the possible risk factors for thyroid nodules was analyzed with logistic regression. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodules in Zhejiang was 21. 78%,and the prevalence of a single nodule was 11. 75%,which was higher than that of multiple nodules( 10. 03%). The prevalence of thyroid nodules in men was less than women,urban residents higher than rural,and both increased gradually with age. The residents in coastal areas had the highest prevalence of thyroid nodules,followed by sub-coastal areas,inland minimum. High education level,consumption of seafood habits,high frequency of anger,the history of thyroid disease and iodine deficiency were potential risk factors for thyroid nodules in this surveyed population. Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid nodules in Zhejiang Province was at the middle level,female prevalence was greater than male,and gradully increased with age,the elderly should be the focus of prevention.Although thyroid nodules of children was at the lower rate,it should be paid attention due to high risk to develop to malignancy. High education level,consumption of seafood habits,high frequency of anger,the history of thyroid disease and iodine deficiency were potential risk factors for thyroid nodules, which need to be confirmed by further epidemiologic study.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2017.06.003
中图分类号:R181.3;R581
引用信息:
[1]莫哲,毛光明,朱文明,等.2010年浙江省居民甲状腺结节患病状况及相关因素[J].卫生研究,2017,46(06):875-887.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2017.06.003.
基金信息:
浙江省科技厅重大专项(No.2009C03010-1)
2017-11-30
2017-11-30