卫生研究

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市3～6岁儿童超重肥胖现状及其关联因素。方法于2021年10—12月，采用分层整群的抽样方法抽取乌鲁木齐市10所幼儿园1897名儿童及其父母，调查一般资料，测量儿童身高和体重，使用χ²检验和Logistic回归分析。结果 1897名儿童中男童961名(50.66%),女童936名(49.34%),3岁334名(17.60%),4岁592名(31.21%),5岁667名(35.16%),6岁304名(16.03%)。调查对象超重肥胖检出率为31.21%(n=592),超重肥胖儿童年龄、儿童性别、儿童饮食习惯、父亲家族肥胖史、母亲家族肥胖史、妊娠期患高血压、父亲吸烟、母亲孕期吸烟(含被动吸烟)、母亲怀孕年龄、家庭人均月收入、家庭结构类型与非超重肥胖组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示，儿童年龄、性别、饮食习惯、父亲是否有家族肥胖史、母亲是否有家族肥胖史、母亲妊娠期是否患高血压、父亲是否吸烟、母亲孕期是否吸烟(含被动吸烟)、母亲怀孕年龄、家庭结构类型是乌鲁木齐市3～6岁儿童发生超重肥胖的关联因素(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论2021年乌鲁木齐市3～6岁儿童超重肥胖检出率较高。

OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation and related factors of overweight and obesity in children aged 3-6 years old in Urumqi City.METHODSFrom October to December 2021, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the general information of 1897 children and their fathers or mothers from 10 kindergartens in Urumqi City by stratified cluster sampling, and the height and weight of the children were measured.SPSS 25.0 was used for χ² test and Logistic regression analysis.RESULTSThere were 1897 children out of which 961(50.66%) were boys, 936(49.34%) were girls, 334(17.60%) were 3 years old, 592(31.21%)were 4 years old, 667(35.16%) were 5 years old, and 304(16.03%) were 6 years old.The prevalence rate of obesity and overweight in children aged 3-6 years old was 31.21%(592).Single factor analysis showed that child's age, the child's sex, the child's dietary habits, whether the child's father had a family history of obesity, whether the child's mother had a family history of obesity, whether the child's mother suffered from hypertension during pregnancy, whether the child's father smoked, whether the child's mother smoked during pregnancy(including passive smoking), the child's family per capita monthly income, the child's family structure type, and the child's mother's pregnancy age were all statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The logistic regression analysis showed that child's age, the child's sex, the child's dietary habits, whether the child's father had a family history of obesity, whether the child's mother had a family history of obesity, whether the child's mother suffered from hypertension during pregnancy, whether the child's father smoked, whether the child's mother smoked during pregnancy(including passive smoking), the child's family structure type, and the child's mother's pregnancy age were overweight and obesity children aged 3-6 years old of related factors in Urumqi(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION The detection rate of overweight and obesity in children aged 3-6 years old in Urumqi City is high.