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目的分析2002年和2010—2012年中国成年居民低血压患病率及其变化。方法数据来源于"2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查"和"2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测"的血压测量数据。2002年调查采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,有完整血压数据的18岁及以上成年居民147 488人,其中男性64 869人,女性82 619人,城市居民50 123人,农村居民97 365人,北方居民71 078人,南方居民76 410人。2010—2012年调查采用多阶段分层与人口成比例整群随机抽样方法,有完整血压数据的18岁及以上成年居民120 427人,其中男性52 499人,女性67 928人,城市居民60 214人,农村居民60 213人,北方居民53 863人,南方居民66 564人。血压测量采用标准汞柱式血压计,取3次的平均值。以收缩压≤98 mm Hg且舒张压≤60 mm Hg为低血压的判断标准,2002年和2010—2012年数据结果均采用2009年国家统计局公布的人口数据,进行复杂抽样加权处理,计算不同人群低血压患病率及95%CI,率的比较采用卡方检验,采用SURVEYLOGISTIC模型对低血压患病因素进行多因素分析。结果 2002年中国成年居民低血压总患病率为3. 0%,男性为1. 9%,女性为4. 1%,城市居民为2. 7%,农村居民为3. 3%,北方居民为2. 8%,南方居民为3. 2%;不同年龄组中18～44岁人群低血压患病率最高,为4. 3%;不同体质指数人群中,低体重人群低血压患病率高,为7. 0%。2010—2012年中国成年人低血压患病率为2. 1%,男性为1. 1%,女性为3. 2%,城市居民为1. 9%,农村居民为2. 2%,北方居民为1. 8%,南方居民为2. 3%;不同年龄组中18～44岁人群低血压患病率最高,为3. 1%;不同体质指数人群中,低体重人群低血压患病率高,为7. 4%。2010—2012年中国成年居民低血压总患病率低于2002年,差异有统计学意义(χ2=624. 3,P<0. 0001)。2002年和2010—2012年中国成年居民低血压患病率均随着年龄的增长而下降,男女低血压患病率也随着年龄的增长而下降,女性高于男性,低年龄组高于高年龄组,低体重人群高于正常人群,差异有统计学意义;低血压患病情况多因素Logistic回归分析结果也显示低年龄组、女性、低体重人群更易罹患低血压。结论2002年和2010—2012年中国成年居民低血压总患病率和男女低血压患病率均随着年龄的增长而下降,女性高于男性,低年龄组高于高年龄组,低体重人群高于正常人群。18～44岁、女性和低体重人群更易罹患低血压。与2002年相比,2010—2012年中国成年居民低血压总患病率呈下降趋势。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and variation of hypotension in Chinese adults residents in 2002 and 2010-2012. METHODS Data of the blood pressure measurements from 2002 and 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey(CNNHS),a multistage stratified cluster random sampling survey was conducted in 2002,and the sample size was 147 488,64 869 males,82 619 females,50 123 urban residents,97 365 rural residents,71 078 northern residents and 76 410 southern residents. A multi-stage stratified and population-proportional cluster random sampling method was used in 2010-2012,and the sample size of was 120 427,52 499 males,67 928 females,60 214 urban residents,60 213 rural residents,53 863 northern residents and 66 564 southern residents. The population data published by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2009 was used as a standard population of the data result for 2002 and 2010-2012. Complex sampling weighting method was adopted in data analyses. The prevalence of hypotension and 95%CI in different populations were calculated.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,multi-factor analysis was conducted by using SURVEYLOGISTIC model regression. RESULTS In 2002,the prevalence rate of hypotension in Chinese adults was 3. 0%,1. 9% in males,4. 1% in females,2. 7% in urban residents,3. 3% in rural residents,2. 8% in northern residents and 3. 2% in southern residents. The prevalence rate of hypotension was the highest in 18-44 age group(4. 3%). Among people with different body mass index(BMI),the prevalence of hypotension was higher in low weight group(7. 0%). From 2010 to 2012,the prevalence rate of hypotension in Chinese adults was 2. 1%,1. 1% in males,3. 2% in females,1. 9% in urban residents,2. 2% in rural residents,1. 8% in northern residents and 2. 3%in southern residents. The prevalence rate of hypotension was the highest in 18-44 age group(3. 1%). Among people with different BMI,the prevalence of hypotension was higher in low weight group(7. 4%).The total prevalence of hypotension in adult residents in China from 2010 to 2012 was lower than that in 2002, and the difference was statistically significant(χ2= 624. 3,P <0. 0001). In 2002 and 2010-2012,the prevalence of hypotension in adult residents of China decreased with the increase of age,and the prevalence of hypotension in men and women also decreased with the increase of age.Women were higher than men,the lower age group was higher than the higher age group,and the lower weight group was higher than the normal population. The differences were statistically significant. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis also showed that lower age group,women and people with low weight were more prone to develop hypotension.CONCLUSION In 2002 and 2010-2012,the total prevalence of hypotension in adult residents of China,and that of hypotension in both men and women decreased with the increase of age. Women were higher than men,the lower age group was higher than the higher age group,and the lower weight group was higher than the normal population.18-44 age group,women and low weight group are more likely to have low blood pressure.Compared with 2002,the total prevalence of hypotension in Chinese adult residents showed a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2012.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2019.06.001
中图分类号:R544.2;R181.3
引用信息:
[1]琚腊红,赵丽云,于文涛,等.2002—2012年中国成年居民低血压患病率变化[J].卫生研究,2019,48(06):869-875.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2019.06.001.
基金信息:
国家卫生计生委(原卫生部)医改重大项目[中国居民营养与健康状况监测(2010—2013)]
2019-11-30
2019-11-30