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目的 分析我国成年居民血脂异常有关的血清代谢物与肠道菌群。方法 数据来源于2018年“中国健康与营养调查”和2022年“中国发展与营养健康影响队列调查”,选择参加两轮调查且有完整血清代谢物和血脂检测数据的≥18岁居民作为研究对象。按《中国血脂管理指南(基层版2024年)》,将至少具有高甘油三酯(triglyceride, TG)、高总胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)或低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C)血症其中一项者判定为血脂异常，研究对象分为始终血脂正常(constant normal lipids, CNL)和发生血脂异常(occurred dyslipidemia, OD)两组。采用广泛靶向超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析血清代谢物和正交偏最小二乘判别分析识别组间差异代谢物。基线收集调查对象粪便样品并进行16S rRNA测序，分析肠道菌群α多样性(Shannon和Simpson指数)、β多样性(Bray-curtis距离)和组间差异菌。采用Spearman秩相关分析肠道菌群与血清代谢物的相关性。结果2018—2022年纳入1090人，其中226人(20.7%)随访时发生血脂异常，864人(79.3%)始终血脂正常。CNL和OD组识别了49种差异代谢物，OD组以甘油磷脂类溶血磷脂酰胆碱类为主的代谢物检测量较高。两组间肠道菌群Shannon和Simpson指数差异均无统计学意义，β多样性分析提示组间整体菌群结构有差异；单因素和多因素分析均识别了8种差异菌属，韦荣球菌属(Veillonella)、屎豆菌属(Faecalitalea)和嗜冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter)是共有差异菌，且前两种菌属在OD组相对丰度较高。屎豆菌属(Faecalitalea)与5种溶血磷脂酰胆碱类代谢物呈显著负相关。结论 甘油磷脂类血清代谢物水平、肠道韦荣球菌属(Veillonella)和屎豆菌属(Faecalitalea)与我国成年居民血脂异常相关。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze the serum metabolites and gut microbiota associated with dyslipidemia in adult residents in China.METHODS The data were derived from the 2018 China Health and Nutrition Survey and the 2022 China Development and Nutrition Health Impact Cohort Survey, and adults(≥ 18 years) who participated in the two rounds of surveys and had completed serum metabolite and lipids data were selected. According to Chinese Guideline for Lipid Management(Primary Care Version 2024), subjects with at least one of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C level or low HDL-C level were identified as dyslipidemia. Participants were divided into two groups: constant normal lipids(CNL) and occurred dyslipidemia(OD). Broadly targeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) analysis was performed to measure serum metabolites and orthogonal partial least square discriminate analysis were used to identify different metabolites between groups. Fecal samples were collected and 16S rRNA sequencing was performed at baseline to analyze the α diversity of intestinal microbiota(Shannon and Simpson indexes), β diversity(Bray-curtis distance) and differential bacteria between groups. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolites.RESULTS A total of 1090 subjects were included during 2018-2022, of whom 226(20.7%) developed dyslipidemia at follow-up, and 864(79.3%) remained normal serum lipid levels. There were 49 differential metabolites identified between the CNL and OD groups, in which the metabolites with higher amount in the OD group was mainly lysophosphatidylcholine of glycerophospholipids. There was no significant difference in Shannon and Simpson indices between the two groups, and β diversity analysis showed that there were differences in the overall microbiota structure between the two groups. Both univariate and multivariate analyses identified eight different bacterial genera, and Veillonella, Faecalitalea, and Psychrobacter were the common differential bacteria, and the first two genera were relatively abundant in the OD group. Faecalitalea was negatively correlated with five lysophosphatidylcholine metabolites.CONCLUSION Serum metabolite levels of glycerophospholipids, gut Veillonella and Faecalitalea may be related to dyslipidemia in adults in China.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.003
中图分类号:R589.2
引用信息:
[1]贾小芳,王惠君,关方旭等.2018和2022年中国四省(自治区)成年居民肠道菌群、血清代谢物与血脂异常的关联[J].卫生研究,2025,54(05):722-731.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.05.003.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFE0114200); 国家财政项目(No.102393220020070000016)