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目的 探讨父母控制水平和同伴关系与初中生亲社会行为之间的关系。方法 于2022年6—7月，采用随机整群抽样方式在安徽省宣城市和宿州市的城市、农村和城乡结合部各抽取1所初中学校，共2564名初中生，使用父母控制水平量表、初中生亲社会行为倾向量表和儿童初中生同伴关系量表收集资料，采用SPSS 25.0软件分析数据，对数据进行描述性分析、t检验、方差分析和相关性分析，采用偏差校正非参数百分位Bootstrap法对父母控制、亲社会行为的中介效应进行验证。结果 研究对象中男生1281名，女生1283名，年龄11～17岁，平均(13.39±0.80)岁。男生父母控制得分高于女生(185.31±27.49 vs 178.21±25.13,P<0.01),男生同伴关系得分低于女生(47.13±10.84 vs 48.41±11.26,P<0.01)。农村学生父母控制得分低于城市和城乡结合部学生(172.47±25.40 vs 183.03±24.63 vs 190.37±26.61,P<0.01);农村学生同伴关系得分高于城市和城乡结合部学生(49.57±10.57 vs 48.33±10.84 vs 45.25±11.39,P<0.01);农村学生亲社会行为得分低于城市和城乡结合部学生(86.27±16.98 vs 91.64±17.26 vs 95.14±19.27,P<0.01)。不同性别中学生间父母控制和同伴关系得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),不同城市、城乡结合部与农村地区学生在父母控制、亲社会行为和同伴关系得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。父母控制与初中生亲社会行为得分均呈正相关(r=0.315)。同伴关系在父母控制与初中生亲社会行为之间起遮掩效应(a×b与c′异号，|a×b|/c′=8.50%);在农村和城乡结合部地区学生中，同伴关系在父母控制与初中生亲社会行为间起遮掩效应(a×b与c′异号，|a×b|/c′=17.81%),在城市地区学生中同伴关系的中介效应无统计学意义(Bootstrap 95%CI-0.0157～0.004)。结论 父母控制会正向影响初中生的同伴关系和亲社会行为，良好的同伴关系会显著正向影响初中生亲社会行为的发展；同伴关系在父母控制和亲社会行为之间的中介效应随城乡区域不同而发生变化。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between the level of parental control and peer relationships and prosocial behavior of junior high school students.METHODS In June-July 2022, a total of 2564 junior high school students were selected from one junior high school in each of the urban, rural and combined urban and rural areas of Xuancheng City and Suzhou City, Anhui Province, using random whole cluster sampling to collect data using the Level of Parental Control Scale, the Tendency to Prosocial Behavior Scale for Junior High School Students, and the Children's Junior High School Student Peer Relationships Scale, and the SPSS 25.0 software was used to data were analyzed, descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed on the data, and the mediating effects of parental control and prosocial behavior were verified using the bias-corrected nonparametric percentile Bootstrap method.RESULTS The study population consisted of 1281 boys and 1283 girls, aged between 11 and 17 years with a mean age of(13.39±0.80) years. Male students had higher parental control score than female students(185.31±27.49 vs 178.21±25.13,P<0.01) and male students had lower peer relationship score than female students(47.13±10.84 vs 48.41±11.26, P<0.01). Rural students had lower parental control scores than urban and urban-rural students(172.47±25.40 vs 183.03±24.63 vs 190.37±26.61, P<0.01). Rural students had higher peer relationship scores than urban and urban-rural students(49.57±10.57 vs 48.33±10.84 vs 45.25±11.39, P<0.01). Rural students had lower pro-social behavior scores than urban and combined urban and rural students(86.27±16.98 vs 91.64±17.26 vs 95.14±19.27, P<0.01). The differences in parental control and peer relationship scores among middle school students of different genders were statistically significant(P<0.01). The differences in parental control, pro-social behavior and peer relationship scores among students from different cities, urban-rural areas and rural areas were statistically significant(P<0.01). Parental control was positively correlated with both pro-social behavior scores of junior high school students(r=0.315). Peer relationship played a masking effect between parental control and junior high school students' pro-social behavior(a×b and c′ heteroscedastic, |a×b|/c′=8.50%). Among students in rural and urban-rural combined areas, peer relationship played a masking effect between parental control and junior high school students' prosocial behavior(a×b and c′ heteroscedastic, |a×b|/c′=17.81%), and the mediating effect of peer relationships was not statistically significant among students in urban areas(Bootstrap 95% CI-0.0157-0.004).CONCLUSION Parental control positively affects peer relationships and prosocial behavior among junior high school students, and good peer relationships significantly and positively affect the development of pro-social behavior among junior high school students; the mediating effect of peer relationships between parental control and prosocial behavior varies with urban and rural areas.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.04.017
中图分类号:G635.5;G444;R179
引用信息:
[1]齐正昊,戚志远,韩文耕,等.2022年宣城和宿州初中生父母控制与亲社会行为的关联性——同伴关系的中介作用[J].卫生研究,2025,54(04):646-653.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.04.017.
基金信息:
安徽省高校人文社会科学重点项目(No.SK2021A0428); 蚌埠医科大学研究生科研创新计划项目(No.Byycx23042)
2025-04-21
2025-04-21
2025-04-21