卫生研究

目的分析青少年发展与心理弹性量表(RYDM)的信效度水平,三峡库区农村留守儿童心理弹性的现状及影响因素,评估此量表在重庆市三峡库区农村中学生群体中的适用性。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法选取重庆市三峡库区964名中学生接受量表的自评,使用SPSS 17.0进行统计分析(信效度检验、t检验、多元线性回归分析)。结果 (1)RYDM量表信效度:Cronbach’sα系数为0.945,斯皮尔曼分半信度为0.865,重测信度为0.838。两分量表与总量表之间的相关系数分别为0.896和0.9743,两分量表之间的相关系数为0.776。(2)心理弹性现状及影响因素:留守儿童在家庭亲密关系、家庭高期望值、社区高期望值的得分低于非留守儿童(P<0.05)。其心理弹性的影响因素包括:年龄、与监护人矛盾多少、对父母外出打工的担心程度(P<0.05)。结论 RYDM量表是进行三峡库区农村中学生心理弹性研究的有效工具。留守儿童的心理弹性与非留守儿童存在一定的差异,主要受到家庭因素的影响。

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of the scale RYDM,as well as the resilience status and its impact factors.Methods 964 students were investigated.The participants were chosen through the stratified cluster sampling.The software of SPSS 17.0 was used for the analysis.Results(1) RYDM: The Cronbach alpha coefficient of the RYDM was 0.945.The split-half reliability was 0.865.The re-test reliability was 0.838.The correlations between total scale and 2 factor scales were 0.896 and 0.9743 respectively.The correlation between the 2 factor scales was 0.776.(2) The scores on family closeness,family high expectations,community expectation of left-behind children were lower than that of the no-left-behind children(P<0.05).The protective factors of mental resilience in left-behind children were age,frequency of conflict with the guardian,worry degree about out-working parent(s)(P<0.05).Conclusion Reliability and validity of the RYDM scale are psychometrically qualified.The resilience of the left-behind children is worse in some aspects than that of the no-left-behind children,which is influenced most by family factors.