卫生研究

目的 了解贵州省农村初中生健康危险行为潜类别及与自我控制的关系。方法 于2021年11—12月，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法在贵州省抽取4452名农村初中生，年龄(13.5±1.6)岁；初一1505人(33.8%),初二1958人(44.0%),初三989人(22.2%);男生2295人(51.5%),女生2157人(48.5%)。采用基本信息问卷、健康危险行为问卷、自我控制量表进行问卷调查。运用潜类别分析探究健康危险行为的潜在类别，采用无序多分类Logistic回归分析探讨各潜在类别与自我控制的关系。结果 贵州省农村初中生健康危险行为可分为低风险组(71.4%)、中风险组(11.6%)、较高风险组(5.2%)、高风险组(10.7%)4个潜在类别，不同性别、年级、民族、独生、住宿、留守、学习成绩、学习压力、同伴关系、亲子关系、师生关系、遭受家庭暴力情况的初中生潜在类别组分布特征差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);以低风险组为参照组，自我控制得分高是中风险组(OR=1.049,95%CI 1.040～1.058)、较高风险组(OR=1.098,95%CI 1.083～1.113)、高风险组(OR=1.077,95%CI 1.066～1.087)的危险因素。结论 贵州省农村初中生健康危险行为潜类别特征明显，提升自我控制能力可以降低中风险组、较高风险组、高风险组的发生状况。

OBJECTIVE To understand the potential categories of health risk Guizhou Province.METHODS From November to December 2021, 4452 rural students in middle school students with average age of(13.5±1.6) years were selected from Guizhou Province by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. 1505(33.8%) students in the first grade, 1958(44.0%) students in the second grade and 989(22.2%) students in the third grade. There were 2295 boys(51.5%) and 2157 girls(48.5%). Basic information questionnaire, health risk behavior questionnaire and self-control scale were used for questionnaire survey. Latent category analysis was used to explore the potential categories of health risk behaviors, and disordered multiple classification logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between potential categories and self-control.RESULTS The health risk behaviors of rural middle school students in Guizhou Province could be divided into four potential categories: low risk group(71.4%), medium risk group(11.6%), sub-high risk group(5.2%) and high risk group(10.7%). There were statistically significant differences in the distribution characteristics of potential categories of junior middle school students with different gender, grade, nationality, only child, accommodation, stay-behind, academic performance, academic pressure, peer relationship, parent-child relationship, teacher-student relationship and domestic violence(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Taking the low-risk group as the reference group, the highest self-control scores were in the medium risk group(OR=1.049, 95%CI 1.040-1.058), the sub-high risk group(OR=1.098, 95%CI 1.083-1.113), and the high risk group(OR=1.077, 95%CI 1.066-1.087).CONCLUSION The latent characteristics of health risk behavior of rural junior middle school students in Guizhou Province are obvious. Improving self-control ability can reduce the occurrence of medium risk group, sub-high risk group and high risk group.