卫生研究

目的了解重庆市计划妊娠妇女超重、肥胖流行现况及危险因素。方法 2013年4-12月,采用按比例多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取重庆市19区县11 953例计划妊娠妇女进行问卷调查、体格检查并采集空腹静脉血。问卷调查主要内容为:人口学特征、吸烟饮酒史、生活经济压力等。体格检查内容为:身高、体重、血压。结果 11 953名调查对象平均BMI为21.13±2.78,超重率为10.88%(95%CI10.32%~11.44%),肥胖率为2.20%(95%CI 1.94%².46%),标化超重率为19.81%(95%CI 19.10%~20.53%),标化肥胖率为3.47%(95%CI 3.14%³.80%),超重肥胖比为4.94。超重和肥胖发生率随年龄增加而升高,随文化程度升高而下降。多因素非条件logistic回归分析表明,25岁以上、一小时经济圈、渝东南地区、高血压、职业为经商或待业者更容易发生超重;35岁以上、一小时经济圈、渝东南地区、高血压、职业为农民或待业者更容易发生肥胖;高中以上文化程度是超重的保护因素。结论重庆市计划妊娠妇女超重、肥胖处于低水平流行状态,超重、肥胖主要影响因素有年龄、地区、职业性质和文化程度等。

Objective To understand the epidemic situation of overweight and obese among planned pregnancy couples in Chongqing City. Methods Proportional stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to select 11 953 cases of planned gestational couples from 19 counties in Chongqing from April to December,2013,for questionnaire survey, physical examination and blood sampling test. The main contents of the questionnaire included demographic characteristics,smoking and drinking history,life and other economic pressures. Physical examination included height, weight, and blood pressure. Results Among the 11 953 subjects,the mean body mass index( BMI) was21. 13 ± 2. 78. The overweight rate was 10. 88%( 95% CI 10. 32%- 11. 44%). The obesity rate was 2. 20%( 95% CI 1. 94%- 2. 46%). The standardized overweight rate was 19. 81%( 95% CI 19. 10%-20. 53%). The standardized obesity rate was 3. 47%( 95% CI 3. 14%-3. 80%). The overweight,obesity ratio was 4. 94. The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased with age,and decreased with the increasing of educational level. Non conditional logistic regression analysis showed that multiple factors such as 25 years of age or older,living in the "one hour economic zone "and southeast Chongqing region,hypertension,occupation for business or unemployment were more prone to overweight,while factors such as 35 years of age or older,living in the "one hour economic zone " and southeast Chongqing region,hypertension,occupation for business or unemployment were more prone to obesity. High school education and above was the protective factor for obesity and overweight. Conclusion Overweight and obesity are in low prevalence state among planned pregnancy couples in Chongqing. The main influence factors of overweight and obesity are age,living region,occupation and educational level.