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目的 探讨中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)城乡居民膳食质量与食物消费碳足迹之间的相关性。方法 基于中国健康与营养调查2018年调查数据，选取11 573名具有完整膳食调查和人口学数据特征的18岁及以上成年居民。食物消费碳足迹依据生命周期评价视角下的食物碳足迹数据库系数计算，以二氧化碳当量(g CO_2eq/d)表示。膳食质量依据中国膳食指南指数-2022(China Dietary Guideline Index 2022, CDGI-2022)评分体系评估。多因素线性回归模型用于分析膳食质量水平与食物消费碳足迹之间的相关性。结果 城市居民总食物消费碳足迹中位数为1748.13 g CO_2eq/d,高于农村居民(1644.85 g CO_2eq/d,P<0.001),城市居民碳足迹主要来源于动物性食物，而农村居民则以植物性食物贡献为主。城市居民CDGI-2022总分为(48.12±11.31)分，显著高于农村居民的(42.37±10.87)分，各维度得分也优于农村(P<0.001)。多因素分析显示，城乡居民CDGI-2022总分与对数转换后的总食物消费碳足迹均呈正向关联(城市β=0.003, 95%CI 0.002～0.004;农村β=0.004, 95%CI 0.003～0.005)。城乡居民足量和适量摄入维度得分与食物消费碳足迹呈正相关(P<0.001),城市居民限量摄入得分与碳足迹负相关(β=-0.007, 95%CI-0.008～-0.005),但在农村居民中未观察到此关联。结论 在当前膳食结构下，较高的膳食质量与较高的食物消费碳足迹相关。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To examine the association between diet quality and food carbon footprint among adult urban and rural residents in China.METHODS Data were derived from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS), including 11 573 adults aged ≥18 years with complete dietary and demographic information. Individual food carbon footprint was estimated using coefficients from a life-cycle assessment-based database and expressed as grams of CO2 equivalents per day(g CO_2eq/d). Diet quality was evaluated using the China Dietary Guideline Index 2022(CDGI-2022). Multivariable linear regression models were applied to assess the relationship between CDGI-2022 scores and log-transformed total food carbon footprints.RESULTS The median total food carbon footprint was higher among urban residents(1748.13 g CO_2eq/d) than among rural residents(1644.85 g CO_2eq/d)(P<0.001). Carbon footprints among urban residents were mainly driven by animal-source foods, whereas those among rural residents were primarily derived from plant-based foods. The mean CDGI-2022 score was higher in urban residents than in rural residents(48.12±11.31 vs. 42.37±10.87, P<0.001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that CDGI-2022 total scores were positively associated with log-transformed total food carbon footprints in both urban(β=0.003, 95%CI 0.002-0.004) and rural residents(β=0.004, 95%CI 0.003-0.005). Scores for adequate-and moderate-intake components were positively associated with food carbon footprints(P<0.001). Higher scores for limited-intake components were inversely associated with carbon footprints among urban residents(β=-0.007, 95%CI-0.008--0.005), but no significant association was observed among rural residents.CONCLUSION Under current dietary patterns in China, higher diet quality is associated with higher food consumption carbon footprints.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.04.015
中图分类号:R151.42
引用信息:
[1]王子健,洪溪,王柳森,等.2018年中国十五省(自治区、直辖市)城乡居民膳食质量与食物消费碳足迹的相关性[J].卫生研究,2026,55(04):623-630.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.04.015.
基金信息:
营养健康监测与影响因素控制(No.102393260020070000001)
2026-07-15
2026-07-15