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目的 分析中国7～17岁儿童和青少年膳食营养素摄入与其体质指数之间的关系。方法 数据来源于“中国健康与营养调查”,选择至少参加一轮(2000年、2006年、2011年和2015年)调查并有完整膳食和体格测量调查数据的5562名7～17岁儿童青少年作为研究对象，构建三水平(社区-个人-观察水平)体质指数的线性随机截距混合效应模型，分析城乡不同性别儿童青少年膳食营养素摄入对其体质指数的影响。采用连续3天24小时和家庭称重记账法评价膳食营养素摄入情况。结果 城市儿童青少年体质指数高于农村儿童青少年体质指数；12～17岁儿童青少年体质指数高于7～11岁儿童青少年体质指数；男孩体质指数高于女孩的，但仅在2011年和2015年调查中差异有统计学意义。在控制个体水平(调查年份、年龄、身体活动和家庭人均收入)与社区水平(社区城市化指数)等混杂因素后，三水平模型显示农村男孩的体质指数随胆固醇摄入量(P<0.01)的增加而增加；城市女孩的体质指数随维生素B1摄入量(P<0.05)和铁摄入量(P<0.01)的增加而增加；农村女孩的体质指数随维生素E摄入量(P<0.001)和钠摄入量(P<0.05)的增加而增加。结论 影响城乡不同性别7～17岁儿童青少年体质指数水平的膳食营养素存在一定差异。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE Analyze the relationship between dietary nutrients and body mass index of children and adolescents aged 7-17 in China.METHODS The data comes from the “China Health and Nutrition Survey”, and 5562 children and adolescents aged 7-17 who participated in at least one round(2000, 2006, 2011 and 2015) of the survey and had complete dietary and physical measurement survey data were selected as the research objects. A three-level(community-individual-observation level) linear random intercept mixed effect model of body mass index was constructed to analyze the influence of dietary nutrient intake of children and adolescents of different genders in urban and rural areas on their body mass index(BMI). 24 hours for 3 consecutive days and family weight accounting were used to evaluate the dietary nutrient intake.RESULTSBMI of urban children and adolescents is higher than that of rural children and adolescents. The BMI of children and adolescents aged 12-17 is higher than that of children and adolescents aged 7-11. BMI of boys was higher than that of girls, but the difference was statistically significant only in 2011 and 2015. After controlling for confounding factors such as individual level(survey year, age, physical activity and family per capita income) and community level(community urbanization index), the three-level model showed that the BMI of rural boys increased with the increase of cholesterol intake(P<0.01). BMI of urban girls increased with the increase of vitamin B1 intake(P<0.05) and iron intake(P<0.01). BMI of rural girls increased with the increase of vitamin E intake(P<0.001) and sodium intake(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONThere are some differences in dietary nutrients that affect the BMI level of 7-17 years old children and adolescents between urban and rural areas.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.04.011
中图分类号:R153.2
引用信息:
[1]胡浩杰,关方旭,胡霄,等.膳食营养素对中国7～17岁儿童青少年体质指数影响的多水平研究[J].卫生研究,2022,51(04):561-567+573.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2022.04.011.
基金信息:
中国疾病预防控制中心和美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目“中国健康与营养调查”(No.NIH R01 HD30880,R01 AG065357,R01DK104371,R01HL108427); 中国营养学会-振东国人体质与健康研究基金(No.CNS-ZD2019032)
2022-07-30
2022-07-30