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目的 分析膳食模式与肠型对老年糖尿病患者衰弱代谢指标糖化血红蛋白的影响。方法 采用横断面调查的方法，于2021年8—10月对江苏省溧阳市和内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市五原县72名65岁及以上糖尿病患者进行基础信息调查、膳食调查、糖化血红蛋白检测和粪便样本的16SrDNA检测。采用Logistic回归模型分析膳食模式、肠型对糖化血红蛋白升高的影响，采用相加模型分析交互作用。结果 调整性别、年龄、居住地、体质状况、血糖管理方式后，以黄豆及其制品、新鲜蔬菜类、畜肉类和禽肉类食物摄入量低为特征的膳食模式是调查对象糖化血红蛋白升高的危险因素(OR=3.4,95%CI 1.1～10.6,P<0.05),肠型为普氏菌属是调查对象糖化血红蛋白升高的保护因素(OR=0.2,95%CI 0.1～0.8,P<0.05)。糖化血红蛋白升高危险因素的交互作用分析显示，膳食模式与肠型之间不存在相加交互作用。结论 以黄豆及其制品、新鲜蔬菜类、畜肉类、禽肉类食物摄入量低为特征的膳食模式是老年糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白升高的危险因素，肠型为普氏菌属是糖化血红蛋白升高的保护因素。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To analyze the effects of dietary patterns and enterotypes on frailty-related metabolic indicators, specifically glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), in elderly diabetic patients.METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 72 diabetic patients aged 65 years and older from Liyang City, Jiangsu Province, and Wuyuan County, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Data collected included basic information, dietary intake, HbA1c levels, and fecal samples analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the impact of dietary patterns and enterotypes on elevated HbA1c. Additive models were employed to assess interaction effects.RESULTS After adjusting for gender, age, residence location, body mass index, and blood glucose management method, Logistic regression analysis revealed that: A dietary pattern characterized by low intake of soybeans and soy products, fresh vegetables, red meat, and poultry was a risk factor for elevated HbA1c in the participants(OR=3.4, 95%CI 1.1-10.6, P<0.05). The Prevotella-dominant enterotype was a protective factor against elevated HbA1c(OR=0.2, 95%CI 0.1-0.8, P<0.05). Interaction analysis of risk factors for elevated HbA1c showed no additive interaction between dietary pattern and enterotype.CONCLUSION A dietary pattern featuring low intake of soybeans and soy products, fresh vegetables, red meat, and poultry is a risk factor for elevated HbA1c in elderly diabetics, while the Prevotella-dominant enterotype is a protective factor against elevated HbA1c.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.06.007
中图分类号:R587.1
引用信息:
[1]李裕倩,吴华,贾慧娟,等.膳食模式与肠型对老年糖尿病患者衰弱代谢指标的影响[J].卫生研究,2025,54(06):923-929+944.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2025.06.007.
基金信息:
中央财政项目-合理膳食与营养健康(No.131031107000150007); 中国老年人膳食营养状况研究(No.150052)
2025-11-14
2025-11-14