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目的 采用间接测热法测定我国40～60岁人群的基础代谢率(basal metabolic rate, BMR),分析其随年龄、性别和体重状态的变化特征及影响因素，并比较该人群BMR实测值与常用公式计算值的一致性。方法 根据纳入排除标准分别在天津和广州进行受试者招募，按体质指数分为超重肥胖组与正常体重组。使用便携式心肺功能仪测量BMR;采用多元线性回归分析其主要影响因素，并运用Bland-Altman法结合配对样本t检验评估4种常用BMR预测公式与实测值的一致性。结果 共获得61名受试者的有效BMR数据，年龄为(49.9±6.2)岁，男性33名，女性28名，其中超重肥胖组的BMR均显著高于同性别正常体重组(男性：(1712.9±162.4)比(1525.3±104.4)kcal/d,P<0.001;女性：(1416.3±127.7)比(1143.6±123.6)kcal/d,P<0.001)。多元线性回归分析显示，将去脂体重(β=30.89,P<0.001)代替体重纳入BMR预测模型后，性别因素的影响不再显著，提示去脂体重是解释体重状态与性别差异的关键变量。Bland-Altman分析表明，目前国内外常用的BMR公式在用于计算该年龄段成人BMR时均存在不同程度的偏差。结论 在中国40～60岁人群中，超重肥胖者的BMR更高，去脂体重可解释BMR个体差异与性别差异。现有预测公式在该人群中的应用存在不同程度的偏倚，后续仍有待开发更有针对性的BMR公式，而对有精准评估需求的个体仍优先推荐采用间接测热等实测方法。
Abstract：OBJECTIVE To measure the basal metabolic rate(BMR) of Chinese adults aged 40-60 years using indirect calorimetry, analyze its variation characteristics and influencing factors with respect to age, gender, and body weight status, and compare the consistency between measured BMR values and those calculated by commonly used predictive equations in this population.METHODS Participants were recruited in Tianjin and Guangzhou according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into overweight/obesity and normal-weight groups based on body mass index. BMR was measured using a portable cardiopulmonary function device. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the main influencing factors, and the Bland-Altman method combined with paired-sample t-tests was applied to evaluate the agreement between four commonly used BMR predictive equations and the measured values.RESULTS A total of 61 participants with valid BMR data were included in the analysis, mean age(49.9±6.2) years; 33 males, 28 females. BMR was significantly higher in the overweight/obesity group than in the normal-weight group of the same gender(male:(1712.9±162.4) vs.(1525.3±104.4) kcal/d, P<0.001; female:(1416.3±127.7) vs.(1143.6±123.6) kcal/d, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression showed that when fat-free mass(β=30.89, P<0.001) was included in the BMR prediction model instead of body weight, the influence of gender became non-significant, suggesting that fat-free mass was a key variable explaining the effects of body weight status and gender differences. Bland-Altman analysis indicated that current commonly used BMR equations, both domestic and international, exhibited varying degrees of bias when applied to calculate BMR in this age group.CONCLUSION In Chinese adults aged 40-60 years, BMR is higher in overweight/obese individuals, and fat-free mass may be a core factor explaining individual and gender differences in BMR. The application of existing predictive equations in this population shows varying degrees of bias, underscoring the need for developing more targeted BMR formulas in the future. For individuals requiring precise assessment, direct measurement method such as indirect calorimetry remain the recommended priority.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.03.016
中图分类号:R151.1
引用信息:
[1]郭明航,冯杰,毛德倩,等.间接测热法研究40～60岁成年人基础代谢率[J].卫生研究,2026,55(03):472-478.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2026.03.016.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(No.2020YFC2006302); 广东省疾病预防控制中心人才支持项目(No.2023D336)
2026-05-21
2026-05-21