卫生研究

目的 探讨不同陈化年份六堡茶对人体代谢指标及体成分的影响。方法 于2024年3月在北京市海淀区部分社区招募符合纳入标准的受试对象，随机数字表法分为六堡茶陈化1年组与7年组接受饮茶干预，饮茶剂量为每人每天6 g,每日上午用250 mL沸水冲泡30～45 s后饮用。饮茶前及饮茶3个月后，测量空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平，采用IOI 353人体成分分析仪测量受试对象体重、体脂量、肌肉量和蛋白质等人体成分指标；利用国际通用量表，测量受试对象干预前后睡眠、食欲等情况。比较不同陈化年份六堡茶对受试对象代谢指标、人体成分以及睡眠等情况影响的差异。结果 干预3个月后，受试对象低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低0.21 mmol/L(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高0.05 mmol/L(P<0.05),总胆固醇水平异常者降低0.34 mmol/L(P<0.05),血压异常者的血压水平由138.6/82.3 mmHg下降至123.4/77.4 mmHg(P<0.05)。体质指数由(25.4±2.9)下降至(24.8±2.7)(P<0.05),肌肉量由40.3(37.1,46.4) kg增加至40.7(37.2,47.0) kg(P<0.05),体脂量由(21.5±4.9)kg下降至(19.7±4.6)kg(P<0.05)。焦虑症状亦有所改善(P<0.05)。然而，不同陈化年份六堡茶对受试对象代谢指标及人体成分的影响差异无统计学意义。结论 饮用六堡茶水产生的降脂、增肌等健康功效显著，但不同陈化年份六堡茶的人群干预效果无明显差异。

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of different aging years of Liupao tea on metabolic indexes and body composition.METHODS Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were recruited in March 2024 in some communities in Haidian District, Beijing, and randomly assigned to the one-year and seven-year Liupao tea aging groups to receive the tea drinking intervention, with a dose of 6 g/d per person, which was brewed with 250 mL of boiled water for 30-45 seconds in the morning of each day and then consumed. Before and three months after tea drinking, fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) level was measured, and the subjects' body composition indexes such as protein, body fat mass, and muscle mass were measured by using IOI353 Body Composition Analyser. Using the international common scale, the subjects' sleep and appetite were measured before and after the intervention. Compared the effects of Liupao tea of different aging years on the metabolic indexes, body composition and sleep of the subjects.RESULTS After three months of intervention, the metabolic indexes of the subjects' LDL-C cholesterol level decreased by 0.21 mmol/L(P<0.05), the HDL-C cholesterol level increased by 0.05 mmol/L(P<0.05), the total cholesterol level of those with abnormal levels decreased by 0.34 mmol/L(P<0.05). The level of those with abnormal blood pressure decreased from 138.6/82.3 mmHg to 123.4/77.4 mmHg(P<0.05). In the body composition index, BMI decreased from(25.4±2.9) to(24.8±2.7)(P<0.05), muscle mass increased from 40.3(37.1,46.4) kg to 40.7(37.2,47.0)kg(P<0.05), body fat decreased from(21.5±4.9)kg to(19.7±4.6)kg(P<0.05), and other parts of the body composition indexes such as protein also improved. The body fat decreased from(21.5±4.9)kg to(19.7±4.6)kg(P<0.05), and other body composition indicators such as protein also improved; the anxiety symptoms of the subjects also improved after 3 months of drinking tea(P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the effects of different aging years of Liupao tea on the metabolic indexes and body composition of the subjects.CONCLUSION The health effects of drinking Liupao tea water such as lipid-lowering and muscle building were significant, but there was no significant difference in the effects of different aging years of Liupao tea on the population.