卫生研究

目的 描述2023年中国十省(自治区)成年居民超重肥胖及中心性肥胖的流行现况，并分析2000—2023年的变化趋势。方法 选取参加2000—2018年“中国健康与营养调查”和2022—2023年“中国发展与营养健康影响队列调查”的十省(自治区)有完整身高、体重和腰围测量信息的18岁及以上居民为研究对象，根据中国成人体重判定标准(WS/T 428—2013)定义超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖前期和中心性肥胖。结果 2023年十省(自治区)成年男性和女性的体质指数(kg/m²)均值分别为24.8和24.6;城市男性(25.2)大于农村男性(24.7),城市女性(24.3)低于农村女性(24.7)。成年男性和女性的腰围分别是89.0 cm和83.9 cm,城市男性(90.7 cm)大于农村男性(88.3 cm),城市女性(83.1 cm)低于农村女性(84.3 cm)。成年居民超重率、肥胖率、中心性肥胖前期患病率和中心性肥胖率分别为38.5%、17.1%、19.5%和46.9%。与2000年比较，分别增长了12.8%、10.2%、4.7%和23.7%。其中，肥胖率增长速度最快(1.5倍),18～44岁居民肥胖率增长了近3倍。超重肥胖及中心性肥胖的城乡差距越来越小。结论 2000—2023年中国十省(自治区)成年居民的超重肥胖和中心性肥胖率仍呈现上升趋势，城市男性和农村女性的体质指数及腰围水平增加更快。

OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and central obesity among adult residents aged 18 years and above in 10 provinces(autonomous regions) of China in 2023, and to analyze the trends in 2000-2023.METHODS Adults aged 18 and over with complete height, weight and waist circumference measurements who participated in the 2000-2018 China Health and Nutrition Survey and the 2022-2023 China Development and Nutrition Health Impact Cohort Survey from the same 10 provinces(autonomous regions) were selected as the study subjects. Overweight, obesity, pre-central obesity, and central obesity were defined according to the Chinese Adult Weight criteria(WS/T 428-2013).RESULTS The average BMI(kg/m²) of adult men and women in 10 provinces(autonomous regions) in 2023 was 24.8 and 24.6, respectively. Urban men(25.2) was higher than rural men(24.7), while urban women(24.3) was lower than rural women(24.7). The waist circumference of adult men and women was 89.0 cm and 83.9 cm, respectively. The waist circumference of urban men(90.7 cm) was higher than rural men(88.3 cm), and urban women(83.1 cm) was lower than rural women(84.3 cm). In 2023, the overweight rate, obesity rate, pre-central obesity prevalence rate and central obesity rate of adults in 10 provinces were 38.5%, 17.1%, 19.5% and 46.9%. Compared with 2000, they increased by 12.8%, 10.2%, 4.7% and 23.7%. Among them, the obesity rate had increased the fastest, increasing by 1.5 times, and the obesity rate of adults aged 18-44 had increased by nearly three times. The urban-rural gaps between overweight, obesity and central obesity were narrowing.CONCLUSION The overweight, obesity, and central obesity rates of adults in 10 provinces(autonomous regions) of China are still on the rise, and the BMI and waist circumference of urban men and rural women are increasing more rapidly.