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目的探讨营养教育与膳食干预对中老年骨质疏松患者营养状况和骨密度的影响。方法将2013年5月至2014年5月在唐山市某三甲医院诊断为骨质疏松并自愿参与调查的90例中老年患者随机分为干预组(45例)和对照组(45例),对两组患者进行常规的骨质疏松治疗,对干预组患者在常规治疗基础上加强营养教育与膳食干预,包括集体授课、面对面营养健康咨询及指导、发放宣传手册、膳食调查及指导等内容,干预期6个月,分析干预前后两组患者膳食结构、粗粮、奶类、豆类及海产品的食用频率、各营养素摄入量等营养状况及骨密度的改变。结果 (1)干预后,谷类、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、奶类、豆类的摄入量符合推荐摄入量的患者比例,干预组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者肉类和油脂类的摄入差异无统计学意义。(2)干预后两组患者食用粗粮、奶类、豆类及海产品的频率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)干预后,干预组患者蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、钙、锌、镁、膳食纤维的摄入量均优于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)干预后,干预组患者的腰椎及股骨颈的骨密度均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预前后两组患者的腰椎及股骨颈骨密度组内比较的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论营养教育与膳食干预能够促进中老年骨质疏松患者膳食的合理摄入,改善患者自身的健康状况,增加骨密度,从而提高常规治疗效果。
Abstract：Objective To study the effect of the nutritional education and dietary intervention on nutritional status and bone mineral density( BMD) of middle-aged and senile patients with osteoporosis. Methods Ninty middle-aged and senile osteoporosis patients were enrolled. They were randomly divided into two groups( intervention and control group) with 45 cases each. The control group was received conventional therapy and the intervention group added with nutritional education and dietary intervention for sixmonths on the basis of conventional therapy. The methods of education and intervention included seminars,brochures distribution,dietary survey and individual guidance. The nutritional status and BMD were analyzed at the beginning and the end of the intervention respectively. Results After the intervention,the ratios of subjects whose intake of grain,vegetables,fruits, eggs, milk and beans in line with recommended intake of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group( P < 0. 05). After the intervention,frequencies of coarse grain,dairy,beans and seafood consumption of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group( P < 0. 05). After the intervention,the daily intakes of protein,VA,VC,calcium,zinc,magnesium,dietary fiber of the intervention group were significantly superior to the control group( P < 0. 05).BMDs of lumbar spine and femoral neck in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P < 0. 05). Conclusion The nutritional education and dietary intervention could promote middle-aged and senile patients ' reasonable diet,improve their nutritional status,enhance bone mineral density and improve the effect of conventional therapy for osteoporosis.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2016.02.035
中图分类号:R580;R459.3
引用信息:
[1]赵春燕,周瑞华,田永芝,等.营养教育与膳食干预对中老年骨质疏松患者营养状况和骨密度的影响[J].卫生研究,2016,45(02):230-235.DOI:10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2016.02.035.
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2016-01-25
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2016-03-30
2016-03-30