卫生研究

目的根据中国食物营养监测系统15年监测结果,对5岁以下儿童的贫血状况进行分析。方法根据世界卫生组织和联合国儿童基金会提出6个月至6岁以下儿童血红蛋白小于110克/升的儿童贫血的诊断标准。采用氰化高铁法和HemoCue法(血红蛋白测定仪)测定血红蛋白含量,对于海拔1000米以上至3000米的点的贫血标准进行调整,并计算贫血率。通过同时测定儿童与母亲血红蛋白值的方法,研究儿童贫血与母亲贫血的关系。结果1992~2005年间中国城市、农村5岁以下儿童贫血率在16%~20%之间徘徊,没有显著改善;儿童贫血率随年龄变化,6~12月是患病高峰;对于儿童贫血,母亲贫血的相对危险度为2.31;儿童贫血会造成腹泻病的增加;4~23月儿童贫血与母亲贫血、母乳喂养、辅助食品添加有关,24~59月儿童贫血与母亲贫血和儿童生长迟缓有关。结论必须采取有效行动,同时改善儿童贫血和母亲贫血问题。

Objective To provide the evidence to policy-maker for further improving child nutrition status in China based on the data of Chinese Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. Methods To measure the content of Haemoglobin by Cyanmethemoglobin and HemoCue, The diagnostic criterion is 110g/L for child aged 6 months to under 6, proposed by WHO and UNICEF,with adjustment for population living in high altitude over 1000m. To study on relationship between child anemia and mother anemia by measurement haemoglobin for children and their mother. Results There is basically no change in anemia prevalence of children under 5 in 1992-2005. Prevalence of anemia is varying along with ages. The peak of anemia prevalence is 6-12 months. The related risk of anemia of mother and child anemia.is 2.31. The prevalence of diarrhea will increase by child anemia. Anemic mothers, breastfeeding, stunting, LBW and quality of complementary food are related factors of anemia of children aged 4-23 month. But only anemia of mothers and stunting are related to anemia of children aged 24-59 month. Conclusion The necessary actions should be taken for improvement of anemia of children and mother simultaneously.